Distribution of Rht Genes in Modern and Historic Winter Wheat Cultivars from the Eastern and Central USA

被引:62
作者
Guedira, M. [1 ]
Brown-Guedira, G. [1 ]
Van Sanford, D. [2 ]
Sneller, C. [3 ]
Souza, E. [4 ]
Marshall, D. [1 ]
机构
[1] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
[2] Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
[3] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
[4] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
关键词
DWARFING GENE; COLEOPTILE LENGTH; LOCUS; RHT-D1B; RHT-B1B; HEIGHT; BLIGHT; MUTANT; YIELD;
D O I
10.2135/cropsci2009.10.0626
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Over 70% of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars grown worldwide have a semidwarf phenotype controlled by the major genes Rht-B1, Rht-D1, and Rht8c. The objective of this study was to determine their frequency in a set of historic and modern soft and hard winter wheat cultivars grown in the central and eastern USA. Three hundred sixty-two cultivars that were developed from 1808 to 2008 were evaluated with molecular markers for Rht-B1, Rht-D1, and Rht8c. All cultivars released before 1964 (41 soft winter wheat and 6 hard winter wheat) had wildtype (tall) alleles at all three loci. After introduction of the dwarfing genes, the percentage of tested lines carrying either Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b increased rapidly to greater than 90% of modern varieties. Among soft winter wheat cultivars, the Rht-D1b dwarfing gene was the most frequent being present in 45% of all lines tested and Rht-B1b was present in 28%, while in the hard winter wheat cultivars the Rht-B1b allele is the most prevalent in 77% of lines. Only 8% of the hard cultivars tested had the Rht-D1b allele. The presence of the 192-base pair (bp) allele of the microsatellite marker Xgwm261 indicated that Rht8c was less frequently used as a source of dwarfing in U.S. winter wheat germplasm, being present in 8 and 3% of the soft winter wheat and the hard winter wheats, respectively. A number of modern cultivars were identified that did not carry any of the dwarfing genes assayed and may possess alternative reduced height genes.
引用
收藏
页码:1811 / 1822
页数:12
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