Impact of ovarian endometrioma on oocytes and pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilization

Objective: To evaluate the effect of endometriosis and the presence of an ovarian endometrioma on outcomes of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Reproductive Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokai University Hospital. Patient(s): Group A: 80 cycles with ovarian endometriomas; group B: 248 cycles with endometriosis but without endometrial cysts at the time of oocyte retrieval; group C: 283 cycles undergoing IVF because of tubal factor without endometriosis. Intervention(s): All conventional in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with previous diagnostic laparoscopy. An endometrioma was diagnosed by direct aspiration at the time of oocyte retrieval. Main Outcome Measure(s): Retrieved number of oocytes, fertilization rate, embryo quality, implantation rate, pregnancy rate, and live birth rate for all cases. In group A, the number of retrieved oocytes in relation to the volume of the endometrioma and affected laterality. Result(s): Fewer oocytes were retrieved from groups A and B than from group C (P <.005). The number of retrieved oocytes was not dependent on the volume of endometrial cyst(s). Fertilization rates were similar among the groups. Group A had slightly but not significantly higher rates of morphologically good-quality embryos (group A: 67.2%, group 13: 63.0%, group C: 58.1%), implantation (group A: 14.1%. group B: 11.7%, group C: 11.3%), and pregnancy (group A: 25.3%, group B: 22.3%, group C: 23.9%). Conclusion(s) Endometriosis affects oocyte number but not embryo quality or pregnancy outcome, irrespective of the presence of an ovarian endometrioma.