A meta-analysis of the effects of cell phones on driver performance

被引：433

作者：

Caird, Jeff K. ^{[1
]}

Willness, Chelsea R. ^{[2
]}

Steel, Piers ^{[3
]}

Scialfa, Chip ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calgary, Cognit Ergon Res Lab, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

[2] Univ Calgary, Dept Psychol, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

[3] Univ Calgary, Haskayne Sch Business, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

来源：

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION | 2008年 / 40卷 / 04期

关键词：

cellular or mobile phones; meta-analysis; driver performance; experimental methods;

D O I：

10.1016/j.aap.2008.01.009

中图分类号：

TB18 [人体工程学];

学科分类号：

1201 ;

摘要：

The empirical basis for legislation to limit cell phones while driving is addressed. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the effects of cell phones on driving performance was performed. A total of 33 studies collected through 2007 that met inclusion criteria yielded 94 effect size estimates, with a total sample size of approximately 2000 participants. The dependent variables of reaction time, lateral vehicle control, headway and speed and the moderating variables of research setting (i.e., laboratory, simulator, on-road), conversation target (passenger, cell phone) and conversation type (cognitive task, naturalistic) were coded. Reaction time (RT) to events and stimuli while talking produced the largest performance decrements. Handheld and hands-free phones produced similar RT decrements. Overall, a mean increase in RT of .25 s was found to all types of phone-related tasks. Observed performance decrements probably underestimate the true behavior of drivers with mobile phones in their own vehicles. In addition, drivers using either phone type do not appreciably compensate by giving greater headway or reducing speed. Tests for moderator effects on RT and speed found no statistically significant effect size differences across laboratory, driving simulation and on-road research settings. The implications of the results for legislation and future research are considered. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：1282 / 1293

页数：12

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