Climate change and invasibility of the antarctic benthos

被引:208
作者
Aronson, Richard B. [1 ]
Thatje, Sven [2 ]
Clarke, Andrew [3 ]
Peck, Lloyd S. [3 ]
Blake, Daniel B. [4 ]
Wilga, Cheryl D. [5 ]
Seibel, Brad A. [5 ]
机构
[1] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA
[2] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England
[3] British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England
[4] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[5] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会;
关键词
climate change; Decapoda; invasive species; physiology; polar; predation;
D O I
10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095525
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Benthic communities living in shallow-shelf habitats in Antarctica (<100-m depth) are archaic in structure and function compared to shallow-water communities elsewhere. Modern predators, including fast-moving, durophagous (skeleton-crushing) bony fish, sharks, and crabs, are rare or absent; slow-moving invertebrates are generally the top predators; and epifaunal suspension feeders dominate many soft-substratum communities. Cooling temperatures beginning in the late Eocene excluded durophagous predators, ultimately resulting in the endemic living fauna and its unique food-web structure. Although the Southern Ocean is oceanographically isolated, the barriers to biological invasion are primarily physiological rather than geographic. Cold temperatures impose limits to performance that exclude modern predators. Global warming is now removing those physiological barriers, and crabs are reinvading Antarctica. As sea temperatures continue to rise, the invasion of durophagous predators will modernize the shelf benthos and erode the indigenous character of marine life in Antarctica.
引用
收藏
页码:129 / 154
页数:26
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