Novel rapid shutdown strategies for runaway electron suppression in DIII-D

被引：63

作者：

Commaux, N. ^{[1
]}

Baylor, L. R. ^{[1
]}

Combs, S. K. ^{[1
]}

Eidietis, N. W. ^{[2
]}

Evans, T. E. ^{[2
]}

Foust, C. R. ^{[1
]}

Hollmann, E. M. ^{[3
]}

Humphreys, D. A. ^{[2
]}

Izzo, V. A. ^{[3
]}

James, A. N. ^{[3
]}

Jernigan, T. C. ^{[1
]}

Meitner, S. J. ^{[1
]}

Parks, P. B. ^{[2
]}

Wesley, J. C. ^{[2
]}

Yu, J. H. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA

[2] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA

[3] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

来源：

NUCLEAR FUSION | 2011年 / 51卷 / 10期

关键词：

IMPURITY;

D O I：

10.1088/0029-5515/51/10/103001

中图分类号：

O35 [流体力学]; O53 [等离子体物理学];

学科分类号：

070204 ; 080103 ; 080704 ;

摘要：

New rapid shutdown strategies have been recently tested in the DIII-D tokamak to mitigate runaway electrons (REs). Disruptions in ITER are predicted to generate multi-MeV REs that could damage the machine. The RE population in large tokamaks is expected to be dominated by avalanche amplification which can be mitigated at high density levels by collisional drag. Particle injection schemes for collisional suppression of RE have been developed and tested in ITER-relevant scenarios: massive gas injection, shattered pellet injection (SPI) and shell pellet injection. The results show an improved penetration of particles injected with the SPI. Another strategy has been developed to harmlessly deconfine REs by applying a non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbation to worsen their confinement. This technique appeared to deconfine seed RE before the avalanche process could amplify the RE beam. The last method tested was to use the plasma position control system on the RE beam to prevent it from contacting the wall. This proved effective in preventing high current RE beam from touching the wall and providing more time to mitigate an existing RE beam but a successful 'soft landing' (without fast final losses) of the RE has not been observed yet.

引用

页数：9

共 19 条

[1] Generation and suppression of runaway electrons in disruption mitigation experiments in TEXTOR [J].

Bozhenkov, S. A. ;

Lehnen, M. ;

Finken, K. H. ;

Jakubowski, M. W. ;

Wolf, R. C. ;

Jaspers, R. ;

Kantor, M. ;

Marchuk, O. V. ;

Uzgel, E. ;

VanWassenhove, G. ;

Zimmermann, O. ;

Reiter, D. .

PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION, 2008, 50 (10)

[2] Alternative Techniques for Injecting Massive Quantities of Gas for Plasma-Disruption Mitigation [J].

Combs, Stephen Kirk ;

Meitner, Steven J. ;

Baylor, Larry R. ;

Caughman, John B. O. ;

Commaux, Nicolas ;

Fehling, Dan T. ;

Foust, Charles R. ;

Jernigan, Tom C. ;

McGill, James M. ;

Parks, Paul B. ;

Rasmussen, Dave A. .

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2010, 38 (03) :400-405

[3] Demonstration of rapid shutdown using large shattered deuterium pellet injection in DIII-D [J].

Commaux, N. ;

Baylor, L. R. ;

Jernigan, T. C. ;

Hollmann, E. M. ;

Parks, P. B. ;

Humphreys, D. A. ;

Wesley, J. C. ;

Yu, J. H. .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 2010, 50 (11)

[4] Real time equilibrium reconstruction for tokamak discharge control [J].

Ferron, JR ;

Walker, ML ;

Lag, LL ;

St John, HE ;

Humphreys, DA ;

Leuer, JA .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 1998, 38 (07) :1055-1066

[5] Chapter 3:: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions [J].

Hender, T. C. ;

Wesley, J. C. ;

Bialek, J. ;

Bondeson, A. ;

Boozer, A. H. ;

Buttery, R. J. ;

Garofalo, A. ;

Goodman, T. P. ;

Granetz, R. S. ;

Gribov, Y. ;

Gruber, O. ;

Gryaznevich, M. ;

Giruzzi, G. ;

Guenter, S. ;

Hayashi, N. ;

Helander, P. ;

Hegna, C. C. ;

Howell, D. F. ;

Humphreys, D. A. ;

Huysmans, G. T. A. ;

Hyatt, A. W. ;

Isayama, A. ;

Jardin, S. C. ;

Kawano, Y. ;

Kellman, A. ;

Kessel, C. ;

Koslowski, H. R. ;

La Haye, R. J. ;

Lazzaro, E. ;

Liu, Y. Q. ;

Lukash, V. ;

Manickam, J. ;

Medvedev, S. ;

Mertens, V. ;

Mirnov, S. V. ;

Nakamura, Y. ;

Navratil, G. ;

Okabayashi, M. ;

Ozeki, T. ;

Paccagnella, R. ;

Pautasso, G. ;

Porcelli, F. ;

Pustovitov, V. D. ;

Riccardo, V. ;

Sato, M. ;

Sauter, O. ;

Schaffer, M. J. ;

Shimada, M. ;

Sonato, P. ;

Strait, E. J. .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 2007, 47 (06) :S128-S202

[6] Experiments in DIII-D toward achieving rapid shutdown with runaway electron suppression [J].

Hollmann, E. M. ;

Commaux, N. ;

Eidietis, N. W. ;

Evans, T. E. ;

Humphreys, D. A. ;

James, A. N. ;

Jernigan, T. C. ;

Parks, P. B. ;

Strait, E. J. ;

Wesley, J. C. ;

Yu, J. H. ;

Austin, M. E. ;

Baylor, L. R. ;

Brooks, N. H. ;

Izzo, V. A. ;

Jackson, G. L. ;

van Zeeland, M. A. ;

Wu, W. .

PHYSICS OF PLASMAS, 2010, 17 (05)

[7]

Hollmann EM, 2009, AIP CONF PROC, V1161, P65, DOI 10.1063/1.3241211

[8] Measurements of injected impurity assimilation during massive gas injection experiments in DIII-D [J].

Hollmann, E. M. ;

Jernigan, T. C. ;

Parks, P. B. ;

Boedo, J. A. ;

Evans, T. E. ;

Groth, M. ;

Humphreys, D. A. ;

James, A. N. ;

Lanctot, M. J. ;

Nishijima, D. ;

Rudakov, D. L. ;

Scott, H. A. ;

Strait, E. J. ;

Van Zeeland, M. A. ;

Wesley, J. C. ;

West, W. P. ;

Wu, W. ;

Yu, J. H. .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 2008, 48 (11)

[9] Measurements of impurity and heat dynamics during noble gas jet-initiated fast plasma shutdown for disruption mitigation in DIII-D [J].

Hollmann, EM ;

Jernigan, TC ;

Groth, M ;

Whyte, DG ;

Gray, DS ;

Austin, ME ;

Bray, BD ;

Brennan, DP ;

Brooks, NH ;

Evans, TE ;

Humphreys, DA ;

Lasnier, CJ ;

Moyer, RA ;

McLean, AG ;

Parks, PB ;

Rozhansky, V ;

Rudakov, DL ;

Strait, EJ ;

West, WP .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 2005, 45 (09) :1046-1055

[10] Experimental vertical stability studies for ITER performance and design guidance [J].

Humphreys, D. A. ;

Casper, T. A. ;

Eidietis, N. ;

Ferrara, M. ;

Gates, D. A. ;

Hutchinson, I. H. ;

Jackson, G. L. ;

Kolemen, E. ;

Leuer, J. A. ;

Lister, J. ;

LoDestro, L. L. ;

Meyer, W. H. ;

Pearlstein, L. D. ;

Portone, A. ;

Sartori, F. ;

Walker, M. L. ;

Welander, A. S. ;

Wolfe, S. M. .

NUCLEAR FUSION, 2009, 49 (11)

← 1 2 →