A review of the association between osteoporosis and alveolar ridge augmentation

Objective. Because of increasing life expectancy and popularity of dental implants, surgeons face a larger number of osteoporotic patients who require bone augmentation. Relationship between low bone density/osteoporosis and bone graft success is still not clear. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the literature regarding the success of alveolar bone augmentation in osteoporosis. Study design. The study design includes a literature review of relevant preclinical and clinical articles that address the association between osteoporosis and alveolar bone augmentation. Results. Increased rate of complications such as resorption of bone graft, non-integration of bone graft, delayed healing time, and implant failure in augmented bone especially in the maxilla may be associated with compromised bone health. Conclusions. Despite the decreased success rate, osteoporosis is not an absolute contraindication for bone augmentation and dental implant placement. The modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis should be eliminated before surgery.