Impulsivity, Compulsivity, and Top-Down Cognitive Control

被引:1115
作者
Dalley, Jeffrey W. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Everitt, Barry J. [1 ,2 ]
Robbins, Trevor W. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Behav & Clin Neurosci Inst, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Expt Psychol, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England
[3] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
REACTION-TIME-TASK; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS CORE; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; INHIBITORY RESPONSE CONTROL; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; STOP-SIGNAL; DRUG-ABUSE; RECEPTOR AVAILABILITY;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuron.2011.01.020
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Impulsivity is the tendency to act prematurely without foresight. Behavioral and neurobiological analysis of this construct, with evidence from both animal and human studies, defines several dissociable forms depending on distinct cortico-striatal substrates. One form of impulsivity depends on the temporal discounting of reward, another on motor or response disinhibition. Impulsivity is commonly associated with addiction to drugs from different pharmacological classes, but its causal role in human addiction is unclear. We characterize in neurobehavioral and neurochemical terms a rodent model of impulsivity based on premature responding in an attentional task. Evidence is surveyed that high impulsivity on this task precedes the escalation subsequently of cocaine self-administration behavior, and also a tendency toward compulsive cocaine-seeking and to relapse. These results indicate that the vulnerability to stimulant addiction may depend on an impulsivity endophenotype. Implications of these findings for the etiology, development, and treatment of drug addiction are considered.
引用
收藏
页码:680 / 694
页数:15
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