Anxiolytic effects of kava extract and kavalactones in the chick social separation-stress paradigm

被引:40
作者
Smith, KK
Dharmaratne, HRW
Feltenstein, MW
Broom, SL
Roach, JT
Nanayakkara, NPD
Khan, IA
Sufka, KJ
机构
[1] Univ Mississippi, Dept Psychol, University, MS 38677 USA
[2] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA
[3] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacol, University, MS 38677 USA
[4] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
[5] Inst Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
基金
美国农业部;
关键词
anxiety; domestic fowls; ethnopharmacology; kava; kavalactones; natural products; Piper methysticum; separation stress;
D O I
10.1007/s002130100686
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Rationale: Piper methysticum extract (kava kava) possesses numerous therapeutic properties, but it is unknown which of its principle constituents (kavalactones) subserve such effects. Objectives: This experiment sought to characterize the putative anxiolytic properties of P. methysticum extract and its six principle kavalactones in the chick social separation-stress paradigm. Methods: Eight-day-old chicks received intraperitoneal injections of either vehicle, chlordiazepoxide (5.0 mg/ml per kg). P. methysticum extract (containing 30% kavalactones), kavain, dihydrokavain, methysticin, dihydromethysticin, yangonin, or desmethoxyyangonin (30 mg/ml per kg for kava compounds) 30 min prior to being tested in the presence of two conspecifics or in isolation for a 3-min observation period. Latency to adopt a ventral recumbent posture to index sedation, number of vocalizations to index separation distress, and a composite pain score (in response to 50 mul 0.10% formalin injection into the plantar surface of the foot) to index stress-induced analgesia served as dependent measures. Results: Both chlordiazepoxide and P. methysticum extract attenuated separation-induced distress vocalizations and stress-induced analgesia. Dihydrokavain attenuated separation-induced distress vocalizations. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the anxiolytic effects of P. methysticum extract may be mediated, in part, by dihydrokavain.
引用
收藏
页码:86 / 90
页数:5
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