Very-high-energy gamma rays from a distant quasar:: How transparent is the universe?

被引：389

作者：

Albert, J. ^{[2
]}

Aliu, E. ^{[3
]}

Anderhub, H. ^{[4
]}

Antonelli, L. A. ^{[5
]}

Antoranz, P. ^{[6
]}

Backes, M. ^{[7
]}

Baixeras, C. ^{[8
]}

Barrio, J. A. ^{[6
]}

Bartko, H. ^{[1
,9
]}

Bastieri, D. ^{[10
,11
]}

Becker, J. K. ^{[7
]}

Bednarek, W. ^{[12
]}

Berger, K. ^{[2
]}

Bernardini, E. ^{[13
]}

Bigongiari, C. ^{[10
,11
]}

Biland, A. ^{[4
,30
]}

Bock, R. K. ^{[1
,9
,10
,11
]}

Bonnoli, G. ^{[14
,15
]}

Bordas, P. ^{[16
]}

Bosch-Ramon, V. ^{[16
]}

Bretz, T. ^{[2
]}

Britvitch, I. ^{[4
]}

Camara, M. ^{[6
]}

Carmona, E. ^{[1
,9
]}

Chilingarian, A. ^{[17
]}

Commichau, S. ^{[4
]}

Contreras, J. L. ^{[6
]}

Cortina, J. ^{[3
]}

Costado, M. T. ^{[18
,19
]}

Covino, S. ^{[5
]}

Curtef, V. ^{[7
]}

Dazzi, F. ^{[10
,11
]}

De Angelis, A. ^{[20
,21
]}

De Cea del Pozo, E. ^{[22
]}

de los Reyes, R. ^{[6
]}

De Lotto, B. ^{[20
,21
]}

De Maria, M. ^{[20
,21
]}

De Sabata, F. ^{[20
,21
]}

Delgado Mendez, C. ^{[18
]}

Dominguez, A. ^{[23
]}

Dorner, D. ^{[2
]}

Doro, M. ^{[10
,11
]}

Errando, M. ^{[3
]}

Fagiolini, M. ^{[14
,15
]}

Ferenc, D. ^{[24
]}

Fernandez, E. ^{[3
]}

Firpo, R. ^{[3
]}

Fonseca, M. V. ^{[6
]}

Font, L. ^{[8
]}

Galante, N. ^{[1
,9
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

[2] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany

[3] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[4] ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[5] Natl Inst Astrophys, INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy

[6] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

[7] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[8] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[9] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

[10] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[11] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[12] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland

[13] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany

[14] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[15] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[16] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencias Cosmos IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain

[17] Yerevan Phys Inst, AM-375036 Yerevan, Armenia

[18] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain

[19] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain

[20] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[21] INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[22] CSIC, IEEC, E-80193 Bellaterra, Spain

[23] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain

[24] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[25] Turku Univ, Tuorla Observ, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland

[26] Inst Nucl Energy Res, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria

[27] Humboldt Univ, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[28] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[29] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[30] Inst Catalana Rec & Estud Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

[31] Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy

来源：

SCIENCE | 2008年 / 320卷 / 5884期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.1157087

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The atmospheric Cherenkov gamma- ray telescope MAGIC, designed for a low- energy threshold, has detected very- high- energy gamma rays from a giant flare of the distant Quasi- Stellar Radio Source ( in short: radio quasar) 3C 279, at a distance of more than 5 billion light- years ( a redshift of 0.536). No quasar has been observed previously in very- high- energy gamma radiation, and this is also the most distant object detected emitting gamma rays above 50 gigaelectron volts. Because high- energy gamma rays may be stopped by interacting with the diffuse background light in the universe, the observations by MAGIC imply a low amount for such light, consistent with that known from galaxy counts.

引用

页码：1752 / 1754

页数：3

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