A minimal glycine-alanine repeat prevents the interaction of ubiquitinated IκBα with the proteasome:: A new mechanism for selective inhibition of proteolysis

The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 contains a glycine-alanine repeat that inhibits in cis MHC class I-restricted presentation. We report here that insertion of a minimal glycine-alanine repeat motif in different positions of I kappa B alpha protects this NF-kappa B inhibitor from signal-induced degradation dependent on ubiquitin-proteasome, and decreases its basal turnover in vivo resulting in constitutive dominant-negative mutants. The chimeras are phosphorylated and ubiquitinated in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha, but are then released from NF-kappa B and fail to associate with the proteasome. This explains how functionally competent I kappa B alpha is protected from proteasomal disruption and identifies the glycine-alanine repeat as a new regulator of proteolysis.