Industrial scale-up of countercurrent chromatography

The hydrodynamic, engineering, and chromatographic variables affecting scale-up of countercurrent chromatography (CCC) are examined. The predictable and linear scale-up from the current laboratory scale technology to industrial process scale, capable of kgm/month in the first phase, is demonstrated. Continued research will prepare the way for a new generation of tonne/annum capacity high throughput, high resolution CCC machines for pilot and plant scale separations of a range of bioprocess products.