Evaluation of Collagen Type-1 Production and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Human Placental Extracts in Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Placental extracts contain various bioactive agents and are thought to be a prospective medicine for oral diseases. However, detailed information regarding their mechanisms with respect to treatment of periodontal diseases is not available, thereby hindering their reliable application in dentistry. In this study, we demonstrated that human placental extracts increased collagen type-1 production, which is linked to the regenerative capabilities of periodontal tissue, on primary human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Generally, deterioration of periodontal tissue occurs when various types of cytokines are released by periodontal tissue cells in response to stimulation by plaque. However, we exhibited that human placental extracts hindered the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 secretion from primary human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. The results contribute to understanding a therapeutic mechanism underlying the effect of human placenta extracts against periodontal disease by modulating the function of human gingival fibroblasts.