Neurochemical cascade of concussion

被引:53
作者
MacFarlane, Matthew P. [1 ,2 ]
Glenn, Thomas C. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cerebral Blood Flow Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
关键词
Concussion; concussion pathophysiology; metabolism; mild traumatic brain injury; physiology; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; FLUID PERCUSSION; TEMPORAL WINDOW; AXONAL INJURY; EXTRACELLULAR POTASSIUM; HEAD-INJURY; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; CALPAIN ACTIVATION;
D O I
10.3109/02699052.2014.965208
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Primary objective: The aim of this literature review was to systematically describe the sequential metabolic changes that occur following concussive injury, as well as identify and characterize the major concepts associated with the neurochemical cascade. Research design: Narrative literature review. Conclusions: Concussive injury initiates a complex cascade of pathophysiological changes that include hyper-acute ionic flux, indiscriminant excitatory neurotransmitter release, acute hyperglycolysis and sub-acute metabolic depression. Additionally, these metabolic changes can subsequently lead to impaired neurotransmission, alternate fuel usage and modifications in synaptic plasticity and protein expression. The combination of these metabolic alterations has been proposed to cause the transient and prolonged neurological deficits that typically characterize concussion. Consequently, understanding the implications of the neurochemical cascade may lead to treatment and return-to-play guidelines that can minimize the chronic effects of concussive injury.
引用
收藏
页码:139 / 153
页数:15
相关论文
共 133 条
[71]   A mechanistic analysis of nondisruptive axonal injury: A review [J].
Maxwell, WL ;
Povlishock, JT ;
Graham, DL .
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA, 1997, 14 (07) :419-440
[72]   CELLULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING EXCITOTOXICITY [J].
MAYER, ML ;
WESTBROOK, GL .
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES, 1987, 10 (02) :59-61
[73]   Calpain activation and cytoskeletal protein breakdown in the corpus callosum of head-injured patients [J].
McCracken, E ;
Hunter, AJ ;
Patel, S ;
Graham, DI ;
Dewar, D .
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA, 1999, 16 (09) :749-761
[74]   EFFECTS OF A SYMPTOM-FREE WAITING PERIOD ON CLINICAL OUTCOME AND RISK OF REINJURY AFTER SPORT-RELATED CONCUSSION [J].
McCrea, Michael ;
Guskiewicz, Kevin ;
Randolph, Christopher ;
Barr, William B. ;
Hammeke, Thomas A. ;
Marshall, Stephen W. ;
Kelly, James P. .
NEUROSURGERY, 2009, 65 (05) :876-882
[75]   Does second impact syndrome exist? [J].
McCrory, P .
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE, 2001, 11 (03) :144-149
[76]   Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport - The Third International Conference on Concussion in Sport Held in Zurich, November 2008 [J].
McCrory, Paul ;
Meeuwisse, Willem ;
Johnston, Karen ;
Dvorak, Jiri ;
Aubry, Mark ;
Molloy, Mick ;
Cantu, Robert .
PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE, 2009, 37 (02) :141-159
[77]   Second impact syndrome [J].
McCrory, PR ;
Berkovic, SF .
NEUROLOGY, 1998, 50 (03) :677-683
[78]   Biochemical, Structural, and Biomarker Evidence for Calpain-Mediated Cytoskeletal Change After Diffuse Brain Injury Uncomplicated by Contusion [J].
McGinn, Melissa J. ;
Kelley, Brian J. ;
Akinyi, Linnet ;
Oli, Monika W. ;
Liu, Ming Cheng ;
Hayes, Ronald L. ;
Wang, Kevin K. W. ;
Povilshock, John T. .
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY, 2009, 68 (03) :241-249
[79]   Magnesium Deficiency Exacerbates and Pretreatment Improves Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats: P-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Behavioral Studies [J].
McIntosh, Tracy K. ;
Faden, Alan I. ;
Yamakami, Iwao ;
Vink, Robert .
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA, 1988, 5 (01) :17-31
[80]   Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes: Progressive Tauopathy After Repetitive Head Injury [J].
McKee, Ann C. ;
Cantu, Robert C. ;
Nowinski, Christopher J. ;
Hedley-Whyte, E. Tessa ;
Gavett, Brandon E. ;
Budson, Andrew E. ;
Santini, Veronica E. ;
Lee, Hyo-Soon ;
Kubilus, Caroline A. ;
Stern, Robert A. .
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY, 2009, 68 (07) :709-735