Simultaneous anodic stripping voltammetric determination of lead and cadmium with a carbon paste electrode modified by tributyl phosphate

A chemically modified carbon paste electrode was prepared by incorporating quantities of tributyl phosphate (TBP) directly into the paste mixture, In the presence of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (PMBP), trace lead and cadmium in acetic acid-acetate medium can be preconcentrated on the electrode. The method showed good linearly for 1.0 x 10(-8) - 8.0 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 lead(II) and for 5.0 x 10(-8) - 2.0 x 10(-6) mol.L-1 cadmium(II). Many common metal ions have no or little effect on the determination of lead(II) and cadmium(II). The electrode was verified by the determination of trace lead(II) and cadmium(II) in waste water and human hair samples.