Using "Tender" X-ray Ambient Pressure X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy as A Direct Probe of Solid-Liquid Interface

被引：261

作者：

Axnanda, Stephanus ^{[1
]}

Crumlin, Ethan J. ^{[1
]}

Mao, Baohua ^{[1
,2
]}

Rani, Sana ^{[1
]}

Chang, Rui ^{[1
,2
]}

Karlsson, Patrik G. ^{[3
]}

Edwards, Marten O. M. ^{[3
]}

Lundqvist, Mans ^{[3
]}

Moberg, Robert ^{[3
]}

Ross, Phil ^{[4
]}

Hussain, Zahid ^{[1
]}

Liu, Zhi ^{[1
,2
,5
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol, State Key Lab Funct Mat Informat, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China

[3] VG Scienta, SE-75228 Uppsala, Sweden

[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[5] ShanghaiTech Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China

来源：

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | 2015年 / 5卷

关键词：

OXIDE ELECTROCHEMICAL-CELLS; IN-SITU; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CO OXIDATION; PLATINUM; OXYGEN; XPS; SURFACES; WATER; PHOTOEMISSION;

D O I：

10.1038/srep09788

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

We report a new method to probe the solid-liquid interface through the use of a thin liquid layer on a solid surface. An ambient pressure XPS (AP-XPS) endstation that is capable of detecting high kinetic energy photoelectrons (7 keV) at a pressure up to 110 Torr has been constructed and commissioned. Additionally, we have deployed a "dip & pull" method to create a stable nanometers-thick aqueous electrolyte on platinum working electrode surface. Combining the newly constructed AP-XPS system, "dip & pull" approach, with a "tender" X-ray synchrotron source (2 keV-7 keV), we are able to access the interface between liquid and solid dense phases with photoelectrons and directly probe important phenomena occurring at the narrow solid-liquid interface region in an electrochemical system. Using this approach, we have performed electrochemical oxidation of the Pt electrode at an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) potential. Under this potential, we observe the formation of both Pt2+ and Pt4+ interfacial species on the Pt working electrode in situ. We believe this thin-film approach and the use of "tender" AP-XPS highlighted in this study is an innovative new approach to probe this key solid-liquid interface region of electrochemistry.

引用

页数：12

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