The published literature is awash with examples of new tissue biomarkers promising to predict responses to therapy in breast cancer patients. However, few, if any, of these progress from the laboratory to the clinic. In this review we discuss some of the reasons for this, illustrating our discussion with a selection of biomarkers which are in development and which may be candidates for clinical application within the next few years (topoisomerase II alpha, epidermal growth factor receptor, AKT, phosphatase and tensin homologue). In particular, we explore how our ever increasing knowledge of molecular and pathway biology is facilitating hypothesis-driven biomarker discovery, and the statistical considerations which need to be addressed in order to validate new candidate biomarkers adequately.
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Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Poole, Christopher J.
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Earl, Helena M.
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Earl, Helena M.
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Hiller, Louise
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Hiller, Louise
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Dunn, Janet A.
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Dunn, Janet A.
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Bathers, Sarah
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Bathers, Sarah
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Grieve, Robert J.
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Grieve, Robert J.
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Spooner, David A.
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Spooner, David A.
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Agrawal, Rajiv K.
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Agrawal, Rajiv K.
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Fernando, Indrajit N.
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Fernando, Indrajit N.
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Brunt, A. Murray
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Brunt, A. Murray
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O'Reilly, Susan M.
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O'Reilly, Susan M.
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Crawford, S. Michael
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Crawford, S. Michael
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Rea, Daniel W.
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Rea, Daniel W.
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Simmonds, Peter
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Simmonds, Peter
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Mansi, Janine L.
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Mansi, Janine L.
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Stanley, Andrew
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Stanley, Andrew
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Harvey, Peter
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Harvey, Peter
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McAdam, Karen
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McAdam, Karen
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Foster, Liz
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Foster, Liz
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Leonard, Robert C. F.
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Leonard, Robert C. F.
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Twelves, Christopher J.
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Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Poole, Christopher J.
;
Earl, Helena M.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Earl, Helena M.
;
Hiller, Louise
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Hiller, Louise
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Dunn, Janet A.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Dunn, Janet A.
;
Bathers, Sarah
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Bathers, Sarah
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Grieve, Robert J.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Grieve, Robert J.
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Spooner, David A.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Spooner, David A.
;
Agrawal, Rajiv K.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Agrawal, Rajiv K.
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Fernando, Indrajit N.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Fernando, Indrajit N.
;
Brunt, A. Murray
论文数: 0引用数: 0
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Brunt, A. Murray
;
O'Reilly, Susan M.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
O'Reilly, Susan M.
;
Crawford, S. Michael
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h-index: 0
机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Crawford, S. Michael
;
Rea, Daniel W.
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h-index: 0
机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Rea, Daniel W.
;
Simmonds, Peter
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Simmonds, Peter
;
Mansi, Janine L.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Mansi, Janine L.
;
Stanley, Andrew
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Stanley, Andrew
;
Harvey, Peter
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Harvey, Peter
;
McAdam, Karen
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
McAdam, Karen
;
Foster, Liz
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Foster, Liz
;
Leonard, Robert C. F.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
Leonard, Robert C. F.
;
Twelves, Christopher J.
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机构:Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc Studies, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England