The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment

被引：5107

作者：

Elimelech, Menachem ^{[1
]}

Phillip, William A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2011年 / 333卷 / 6043期

关键词：

REVERSE-OSMOSIS MEMBRANE; CARBON NANOTUBE MEMBRANES; WATER DESALINATION; THERMODYNAMIC RESTRICTION; RO; PURIFICATION; POLYAMIDE; PROTEIN; DESIGN; DERIVATIVES;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1200488

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new desalination plants is expected to increase in the near future. Despite major advancements in desalination technologies, seawater desalination is still more energy intensive compared to conventional technologies for the treatment of fresh water. There are also concerns about the potential environmental impacts of large-scale seawater desalination plants. Here, we review the possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages.

引用

页码：712 / 717

页数：6

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