Reduced arginine plasma levels are the drive for arginine production by the kidney in the rat

In bile duct ligated rats, arginase (ASE) release from damaged hepatocytes results in low arginine (ARG) levels despite maximal renal ARG production. Plasma ARG levels were restored by reducing gut-derived endotoxemia that lowered circulating ASE activity although maintaining increased renal production. From this it was not clear if the higher renal ARG production was induced by the low grade endotoxemia or the low arginine plasma levels, The separate and combined influence of both factors on ARG metabolism was studied in the rat. Male Wistar rats received either bovine liver ASE, to lower ARG levels, or saline (SAL), Following the ASE or SAL infusion, rats were randomized to receive a low dose endotoxin (LPS) or SAL infusion, In ASE/SAL- and ASE/LPS-treated rats, ARG levels were lower compared with SAL/SAL(p < .005) and SAL/LPS (p < .005). The increased ARG production by the kidneys and gut proved to be independent of LPS but related to reduced ARG plasma levels (both p < .05 when compared with SAL/SAL and SAL/LPS). Metabolism of related amino acids was not explanatory. The study concluded that a low grade endotoxemia did not influence the metabolism of ARG by the gut, kidney, and liver. Reductions in ARG plasma by ASE treatment, irrespective a low dose endotoxin, were the drive for ARG production by the gut and the kidney.