Discovery of Andromeda XIV:: A dwarf spheroidal dynamical rogue in the local group?

被引:81
作者
Majewski, Steven R.
Beaton, Rachael L.
Patterson, Richard J.
Kalirai, Jasonjot S.
Geha, Marla C.
Muñoz, Ricardo R.
Seigar, Marc S.
Guhathakurta, Puragra
Gilbert, Karoline M.
Rich, R. Michael
Bullock, James S.
Reitzel, David B.
机构
[1] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
[2] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[3] NRC Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
[4] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[5] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA
[6] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
关键词
galaxies : individual (M31 and XIV); galaxies : kinematics and dynamics; local group;
D O I
10.1086/524033
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
In the course of our survey of the outer halo of the Andromeda galaxy we have discovered a remote, possible satellite of that system at a projected 162 kpc (11.7 degrees) radius. The fairly elongated (0.31 +/- 0.09 ellipticity) dwarf can be fit with a King profile of 1.07 kpc (d/784 kpc) limiting radius, where the satellite distance, d, is estimated at similar to 630-850 kpc from the tip of the red giant branch. The newfound galaxy, "Andromeda XIV" ("And XIV"), distinguishes itself from other Local Group galaxies by its extreme dynamics; Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy reveals it to have a large heliocentric radial velocity (-481 km s(-1)), or -206 km s(-1) velocity relative to M31. Even at its projected radius And XIV already is at the M31 escape velocity based on the latest M31 mass models. If And XIV is bound to M31, then recent models with reduced M31 virial masses need revision upward. If not bound to M31, then And XIV is just now falling into the Local Group for the first time and represents a dwarf galaxy that formed and spent almost its entire life in isolation.
引用
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页码:L9 / L12
页数:4
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