Localization of MDMA-induced brain activity in healthy volunteers using low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA)

被引:137
作者
Frei, E
Gamma, A
Pascual-Marqui, R
Lehmann, D
Hell, D
Vollenweider, FX
机构
[1] Univ Zurich, Hosp Psychiat, CH-8029 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Zurich, Hosp Psychiat, KEY Inst Brain Mind Res, Zurich, Switzerland
关键词
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA); EEG; LORETA; power spectrum; Ecstasy; serotonin; mood; emotion; human;
D O I
10.1002/hbm.1049
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 'Ecstasy') is a psychostimulant drug producing heightened mood and facilitated social communication. In animal studies, MDMA effects are primarily mediated by serotonin (5-HT), but also by dopamine (DA) and possibly noradrenaline (NA). In humans, however, the neurochemical and neurophysiological basis of acute MDMA effects remains unknown. The distribution of active neuronal populations after administration of a single dose of MDMA (1.7 mg/kg) or placebo was studied in 16 healthy, MDMA-naive volunteers. Thirty-one-channel scalp EEGs during resting with open and closed eyes was analyzed in the different EEG frequency bands. Scalp maps of power showed significant, global differences between MDMA and placebo in both eye conditions and all frequency bands. Low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) was used to compute 3D, functional images of electric neuronal activity from the scalp EEG data. MDMA produced a widespread decrease of slow and medium frequency activity and an increase of fast frequency activity in the anterior temporal and posterior orbital cortex, concomitant with a marked enhancement of mood, emotional arousal and increased extraversion. This activation of frontotemporal areas indicates that the observed enhancement of mood and possibly the increased extroversion rely on modulation of limbic orbitofrontal and anterotemporal structures known to be involved in emotional processes. Comparison of the MDMA-specific EEG pattern with that of various 5-HT, DA, and NA agonists indicates that serotonin, noradrenaline, and, to a lesser degree, dopamine, contribute to the effects of MDMA on EEG, and possibly also on mood and behavior. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:152 / 165
页数:14
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