Carbon monoxide in the upper troposphere over the western Pacific between 1993 and 1996

被引:34
作者
Matsueda, H
Inoue, HY
Sawa, Y
Tsutsumi, Y
Ishii, M
机构
[1] Meteorol Res Inst, Geochem Res Dept, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
[2] Meteorol Res Inst, Atmospher Environm & Appl Meteorol Res Dept, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
关键词
D O I
10.1029/98JD01598
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
Air samples at 8.5-13 km were collected regularly using a commercial airliner between Australia and Japan, and they were measured far CO mixing ratios to obtain time series data from April 1993 to July 1996. When averaged over 12 latitudinal bands between 30 degrees N and 30 degrees S, two overall features emerge from these data. First, CO levels in the upper troposphere decreased in all latitudinal bands. Second, the seasonal cycle showed significant differences between the northern and southern hemispheres. In the southern hemisphere a strong maximum in the CO mixing ratio (up to around 90 ppb) was found in October-November. The most likely source for this enhanced CO is tropical biomass burning. Methane oxidation and transport of industrial CO from the northern hemisphere were estimated as relatively minor sources during the austral spring. Air mass trajectories indicate that an extremely high CO level of similar to 130 ppb observed in November 1994 between 10 degrees and 20 degrees S was due to enhanced biomass burning in Southeast Asia and/or northern Australia. On the other hand, air mass trajectories for the 20 degrees-30 degrees S region indicate that CO-rich air from biomass burnings over southern Africa or South America was transported across the South Indian Ocean within similar to 1 week by the strong westerly winds around the subtropical jet. Thus it is concluded that a rapid horizontal transport coupled with deep convection plays an important role in the appearance of the CO spring peak in the upper troposphere over the western South Pacific.
引用
收藏
页码:19093 / 19110
页数:18
相关论文
共 125 条
[11]   REGIONAL AND SEASONAL-VARIATIONS IN THE FLUX OF OCEANIC CARBON-MONOXIDE TO THE ATMOSPHERE [J].
BATES, TS ;
KELLY, KC ;
JOHNSON, JE ;
GAMMON, RH .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1995, 100 (D11) :23093-23101
[12]   EFFECT OF OZONE DEPLETION ON ATMOSPHERIC CH4 AND CO CONCENTRATIONS [J].
BEKKI, S ;
LAW, KS ;
PYLE, JA .
NATURE, 1994, 371 (6498) :595-597
[13]   METHANE, CARBON-MONOXIDE AND LIGHT NONMETHANE HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS FROM AFRICAN SAVANNA BURNINGS DURING THE FOS/DECAFE EXPERIMENT [J].
BONSANG, B ;
BOISSARD, C ;
LECLOAREC, MF ;
RUDOLPH, J ;
LACAUX, JP .
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, 1995, 22 (1-2) :149-162
[14]   MEASUREMENT OF THE ABUNDANCE OF (CO)-C-14 IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND THE C-13 C-12 AND O-18 O-16 RATIO OF ATMOSPHERIC CO WITH APPLICATIONS IN NEW-ZEALAND AND ANTARCTICA [J].
BRENNINKMEIJER, CAM .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1993, 98 (D6) :10595-10614
[15]  
BRENNINKMEIJER CAM, 1996, BARING HEAD ATMOSPHE, V39, P15
[16]   Large-scale air mass characteristics observed over western Pacific during summertime [J].
Browell, EV ;
Fenn, MA ;
Butler, CF ;
Grant, WB ;
Merrill, JT ;
Newell, RE ;
Bradshaw, JD ;
Sandholm, ST ;
Anderson, BE ;
Bandy, AR ;
Bachmeier, AS ;
Blake, DR ;
Davis, DD ;
Gregory, GL ;
Heikes, BG ;
Kondo, Y ;
Liu, SC ;
Rowland, FS ;
Sachse, GW ;
Singh, HB ;
Talbot, RW ;
Thornton, DC .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1996, 101 (D1) :1691-1712
[17]   Ozone and aerosol distributions and air mass characteristics over the South Atlantic Basin during the burning season [J].
Browell, EV ;
Fenn, MA ;
Butler, CF ;
Grant, WB ;
Clayton, MB ;
Fishman, J ;
Bachmeier, AS ;
Anderson, BE ;
Gregory, GL ;
Fuelberg, HE ;
Bradshaw, JD ;
Sandholm, ST ;
Blake, DR ;
Heikes, BG ;
Sachse, GW ;
Singh, HB ;
Talbot, RW .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1996, 101 (D19) :24043-24068
[18]   TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND AEROSOL DISTRIBUTIONS ACROSS THE AMAZON BASIN [J].
BROWELL, EV ;
GREGORY, GL ;
HARRISS, RC ;
KIRCHHOFF, VWJH .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1988, 93 (D2) :1431-1451
[19]   TRENDS OF TROPOSPHERIC CO, N2O AND CH4 AS OBSERVED AT CAPE POINT, SOUTH-AFRICA [J].
BRUNKE, EG ;
SCHEEL, HE ;
SEILER, W .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS, 1990, 24 (03) :585-595
[20]   SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF AFRICAN SAVANNA FIRES [J].
CAHOON, DR ;
STOCKS, BJ ;
LEVINE, JS ;
COFER, WR ;
ONEILL, KP .
NATURE, 1992, 359 (6398) :812-815