Gene-environment interactions: early life stress and risk for depressive and anxiety disorders

被引:196
作者
Nugent, Nicole R. [1 ,2 ]
Tyrka, Audrey R. [2 ,3 ]
Carpenter, Linda L. [2 ,3 ]
Price, Lawrence H. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Rhode Isl Hosp, Bradley Hasbro Childrens Res Ctr, Providence, RI 02903 USA
[2] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Providence, RI 02912 USA
[3] Butler Hosp, Mood Disorders Res Program, Providence, RI 02906 USA
关键词
Genetics; Trauma; Stress; Depression; Anxiety; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE; BDNF VAL66MET POLYMORPHISM; ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR GENE; DORSAL RAPHE NUCLEUS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; 5-HTTLPR POLYMORPHISM; MATERNAL DEPRESSION;
D O I
10.1007/s00213-010-2151-x
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Prior reviews have examined how stress, broadly defined, interacts with genetic diathesis in the pathogenesis of internalizing (i.e., depressive and anxiety) disorders. Recent findings have suggested a unique role for early life stress (ELS) in the development of internalizing disorders, contributing to the rapid proliferation of research in this area. This paper critically reviews studies in humans examining gene-environment interaction (GxE) effects of ELS on the risk for depression and anxiety, primarily from a candidate gene perspective. Major methodological challenges that are unique to such studies are considered. The majority of published studies have focused on candidates that regulate the serotonin system, especially the serotonin transporter. More recent work has addressed interactions of ELS with candidates from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurotrophin system. Available studies vary greatly with respect to definitions of ELS, examination of gene-gene interactions, consideration of gender effects, and attention to analytic limitations. Overall, there is support for GxE effects of ELS on the risk for depressive and anxiety outcomes. Future studies of ELS in this context will require careful attention to methodologic considerations. Such studies would benefit from more systematic assessment of positive environmental factors (e.g., social support) and greater utilization of developmentally sensitive paradigms.
引用
收藏
页码:175 / 196
页数:22
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