Non-synaptic transmission at autonomic neuroeffector junctions

被引:64
作者
Bumstock, Geoffrey [1 ]
机构
[1] UCL Royal Free & Univ Coll Sch Med, Autonom Neurosci Ctr, London NW3 2PF, England
关键词
cotransmission; enteric; gap junctions; heart; junctional cleft; lung; neurotransmitters; nerve varicosities; parasympathetic; sensory-motor; smooth muscle; sympathetic; ureter; vas deferens;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuint.2007.03.007
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Non-synaptic transmission is characteristic of autonomic neuroeffector junctions. The structure of the autonomic neuromuscular junction is described. The essential features are that: the terminal portions of autonomic nerve fibers are varicose and mobile, transmitters being released 'en passage' from varying distances from the effector cells; while there is no structural post-junctional specialization on effector cells, receptors for neurotransmitters accumulate on cell membranes at close junctions; muscle effectors are bundles rather than single smooth muscle cells, that are connected by gap junctions which allow electrotonic spread of activity between cells. A multiplicity of transmitters are utilized by autonomic nerves, and cotransmission occurs often involving synergistic actions of the cotransmitters, although pre- and post-junctional neuromodulation of neurotransmitter release also take place. It is suggested that autonomic neural control of immune, epithelial and endothelial cells also involves non-synaptic transmission. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:14 / 25
页数:12
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