A 9,000-year record of Chagas' disease

被引:232
作者
Aufderheide, AC [1 ]
Salo, W
Madden, M
Streitz, J
Buikstra, J
Guhl, F
Arriaza, B
Renier, C
Wittmers, LE
Fornaciari, G
Allison, M
机构
[1] Univ Minnesota, Duluth Sch Med, Paleobiol Lab, Dept Pathol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
[2] Univ Minnesota, Duluth Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
[3] St Marys Duluth Clin, Dept Surg, Duluth, MN 55805 USA
[4] St Marys Duluth Clin, Res Dept, Duluth, MN 55805 USA
[5] Univ New Mexico, Dept Anthropol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
[6] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol, Bogota, Colombia
[7] Univ Nevada, Dept Anthropol, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA
[8] Univ Tarapaca, Dept Anthropology, Casilla 6D, Arica, Chile
[9] Univ Pisa, Dept Pathol, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
[10] Univ Pisa, Dept Hist Med, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
[11] Virginia Commonwealth Univ Med Coll Virginia, Dept Pathol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1073/pnas.0307312101
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Tissue specimens from 283 principally spontaneously (naturally) desiccated human mummies from coastal and low valley sites in northern Chile and southern Peru were tested with a DNA probe directed at a kinetoplast DNA segment of Trypanosoma cruzi. The time interval spanned by the eleven major cultural groups represented in the sample ranged from approximate to9,000 years B.P. (7050 B.C.) to approximately the time of the Spanish conquest, approximate to450 B.P. (approximate to1500 A.D.). Forty-one percent of the tissue extracts, amplified by the PCR reacted positively (i.e., hybridized) with the probe. Prevalence patterns demonstrated no statistically significant differences among the individual cultural groups, nor among subgroups compared on the basis of age, sex, or weight of specimen tested. These results suggest that the sylvatic (animal-infected) cycle of Chagas' disease was probably well established at the time that the earliest humans (members of the Chinchorro culture) first peopled this segment of the Andean coast and inadvertently joined the many other mammal species acting as hosts for this parasite.
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页码:2034 / 2039
页数:6
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