Synaptic vesicle endocytosis - Calcium works overtime in the nerve terminal

被引:37
作者
Cousin, MA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Div Biomech & Clin Lab Sci, Membrane Biol Grp, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Midlothian, Scotland
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
calcium; endocytosis; exocytosis; synaptic vesicle; nerve terminal; calmodulin; calcineurin; dynamin; actin; kiss-and-run;
D O I
10.1385/MN:22:1-3:115
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The functions of Ca2+ are many and varied within cells, but in the nerve terminals of neurons it has had a very defined role. That is, the influx of extracellular Ca2+ through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels stimulates neurotransmitter release by exocytosis. For years this was assumed to be the main role for Ca2+ in this specialized subcellular region. However recent studies have shown that Ca2+ also has multiple roles in synaptic-vesicle endocytosis. This review will present evidence for three Ca2+-dependent and -independent steps; a high-affinity Ca2+-dependent triggering step, a Ca2+-independent maintenance phase, and a low-affinity Ca2+-dependent inhibition step. How the control of endocytosis by Ca2+ might impact on different neuronal functions such as synaptic transmission, the nucleation of SV endocytosis, and the repair of damaged membrane is then discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:115 / 128
页数:14
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