Evolution of Migration in a Periodically Changing Environment

被引:42
作者
Blanquart, F. [1 ]
Gandon, S. [1 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France
基金
欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
migration; local adaptation; fluctuating selection; spatial heterogeneity; metapopulation; PARASITE LOCAL ADAPTATION; DISPERSAL RATE; VARYING ENVIRONMENTS; GENE FLOW; SELECTION; POPULATIONS; PERSISTENCE; METAPOPULATION; RECOMBINATION; HETEROGENEITY;
D O I
10.1086/657953
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The ability to migrate can evolve in response to various forces. In particular, when selection is heterogeneous in space but constant in time, local adaptation induces a fitness cost on immigrants and selects against migration. The evolutionary outcome, however, is less clear when selection also varies temporally. Here, we present a two-locus model analyzing the effects of spatial and temporal variability in selection on the evolution of migration. The first locus is under temporally varying selection (various periodic functions are considered, but a general nonparametric framework is used), and the second locus is a modifier controlling migration ability. First, we study the dynamics of local adaptation and derive the migration rate that maximizes local adaptation as a function of the speed and geometry of the fluctuations in the environment. Second, we derive an analytical expression for the evolutionarily stable migration rate. When there is no cost of migration, we show that higher migration rates are favored when selection changes fast. When migration is costly, however, the evolutionarily stable migration rate is maximal for an intermediate speed of the variation of selection. This model may help in understanding the evolution of migration in a broad range of scenarios and, in particular, in host-parasite systems, where selection is thought to vary quickly in both space and time.
引用
收藏
页码:188 / 201
页数:14
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