High-dimensional coexistence based on individual variation: a synthesis of evidence

被引:130
作者
Clark, James S. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Bell, David [1 ]
Chu, Chengjin [1 ]
Courbaud, Benoit [1 ]
Dietze, Michael [1 ]
Hersh, Michelle [1 ,2 ]
HilleRisLambers, Janneke [2 ]
Ibanez, Ines [2 ]
LaDeau, Shannon [4 ]
McMahon, Sean [1 ]
Metcalf, Jessica [1 ]
Mohan, Jacqueline [2 ]
Moran, Emily [1 ,2 ]
Pangle, Luke [1 ]
Pearson, Scott [1 ]
Salk, Carl [1 ,2 ]
Shen, Zehao [1 ]
Valle, Denis [1 ]
Wyckoff, Peter [2 ]
机构
[1] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA
[2] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA
[3] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA
[4] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Bayesian analysis; biodiversity; coexistence; competition; forest dynamics; hierarchical models; TREE GROWTH INFERENCE; HISTORY TRADE-OFFS; BEHIND-THE-SCENES; LIFE-HISTORY; LIMITING SIMILARITY; LONG-TERM; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; RECRUITMENT LIMITATION; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES;
D O I
10.1890/09-1541.1
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
High biodiversity of forests is not predicted by traditional models, and evidence for trade-offs those models require is limited. High-dimensional regulation (e.g.. N factors to regulate N species) has long been recognized as a possible alternative explanation, but it has not be been seriously pursued, because only a few limiting resources are evident for trees, and analysis of multiple interactions is challenging. We develop a hierarchical model that allows us to synthesize data from long-term, experimental; data sets with processes that control growth, maturation, fecundity, and survival. We allow for uncertainty at all stages and variation among 26 000 individuals and over time, including 268 000 tree years, for dozens of tree species. We estimate population-level parameters that apply at the species level and the interactions among latent states, i.e., the demographic rates for each individual, every year. The former show that the traditional trade-offs used to explain diversity are not present. Demographic rates overlap among species, and they do not show trends consistent with maintenance of diversity by simple mechanisms (negative correlations and limiting similarity). However, estimates of latent states at the level of individuals and years demonstrate that species partition environmental variation. Correlations between responses to variation in time are high for individuals of the same species, but not for individuals of different species. We demonstrate that these relationships are pervasive, providing strong evidence that high-dimensional regulation is critical for biodiversity regulation.
引用
收藏
页码:569 / 608
页数:40
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