A Facile Template-Free Approach for the Large-Scale Solid-Phase Synthesis of CdS Nanostructures and Their Excellent Photocatalytic Performance

被引:103
作者
Apte, Sanjay K. [1 ]
Garaje, Sunil N. [1 ]
Mane, Gurudas P. [2 ]
Vinu, Ajayan [2 ]
Naik, Sonali D. [1 ]
Amalnerkar, Dinesh P. [1 ]
Kale, Bharat B. [1 ]
机构
[1] Govt India, Dept Informat & Technol, C MET, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
[2] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan
关键词
FIELD-EMISSION; CADMIUM-SULFIDE; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; WATER; HYDROGEN; H-2; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; HYDROCARBONS; NANORIBBONS;
D O I
10.1002/smll.201002130
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
The simple, template-free, low-temperature, large-scale synthesis of nanostructured CdS with the hexagonal wurtzite phase from bulk cadmium oxide under solid-phase conditions is demonstrated for the first time. The novel approach involves the homogenization of cadmium oxide (CdO) and thiourea in various stoichiometric ratios at moderate temperature. Among the different molar ratios of CdO and thiourea studied, the CdO/NH2CSNH2 molar ratio of 1:2 is found to be the best to obtain highly pure CdS. The obtained CdS nanostructures exhibit excellent cubic morphology and high specific surface area with a particle size in the range of 5-7 nm. The bandgap of the nanostructured CdS is in the range of 2.42 to 2.46 eV due to its nanocrystalline nature. In photoluminescence studies, emission is observed at 520.34 and 536.42 nm, which is characteristic of the greenish-yellow region of the visible spectrum. Considering the bandgap of the CdS is within the visible region, the photocatalytic activity for H-2 generation and organic dye degradation are performed under visible-light irradiation. The maximum H-2 evolution of 2945 mu mol h(-1) is obtained using nanostructured CdS prepared in the 1:2 ratio, which is three times higher than that of bulk CdS (1010 mu mol h(-1)). CdS synthesized using the 1:2 molar ratio shows maximum methylene blue degradation (87.5%) over a period of 60 min, which is approximately four times higher than that of bulk CdS (22%). This amazing performance of the material is due to its nanocrystalline nature and the high surface area of the CdS. The proposed simple methodology is believed to be a significant breakthrough in the field of nanotechnology, and the method can be further generalized as a rational preparation scheme for the large-scale synthesis of various other nanostructured metal sulfides.
引用
收藏
页码:957 / 964
页数:8
相关论文
共 46 条
[1]   Hierarchical nanostructures of CdIn2S4 via hydrothermal and microwave methods: efficient solar-light-driven photocatalysts [J].
Apte, Sanjay K. ;
Garaje, Sunil N. ;
Bolade, Rohini D. ;
Ambekar, Jalindar D. ;
Kulkarni, Milind V. ;
Naik, Sonali D. ;
Gosavi, Suresh W. ;
Baeg, Jin Ook ;
Kale, Bharat B. .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2010, 20 (29) :6095-6102
[2]   Solvothermal Synthesis of High-Aspect Ratio Alloy Semiconductor Nanowires: Cd1-xZnxS, a Case Study [J].
Biswas, Subhajit ;
Kar, Soumitra ;
Santra, Swadeshmukul ;
Jompol, Y. ;
Arif, M. ;
Khondaker, Saiful I. .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, 2009, 113 (09) :3617-3624
[3]   Hydrogen from catalytic reforming of biomass-derived hydrocarbons in liquid water [J].
Cortright, RD ;
Davda, RR ;
Dumesic, JA .
NATURE, 2002, 418 (6901) :964-967
[4]   High-performance thin-film transistors using semiconductor nanowires and nanoribbons [J].
Duan, XF ;
Niu, CM ;
Sahi, V ;
Chen, J ;
Parce, JW ;
Empedocles, S ;
Goldman, JL .
NATURE, 2003, 425 (6955) :274-278
[5]   Single-nanowire electrically driven lasers [J].
Duan, XF ;
Huang, Y ;
Agarwal, R ;
Lieber, CM .
NATURE, 2003, 421 (6920) :241-245
[6]   Inorganic semiconductor nanostructures and their field-emission applications [J].
Fang, Xiaosheng ;
Bando, Yoshio ;
Gautam, Ujjal K. ;
Ye, Changhui ;
Golberg, Dmitri .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2008, 18 (05) :509-522
[7]   Single-Crystalline ZnS Nanobelts as Ultraviolet-Light Sensors [J].
Fang, Xiaosheng ;
Bando, Yoshio ;
Liao, Meiyong ;
Gautam, Ujjal K. ;
Zhi, Chunyi ;
Dierre, Benjamin ;
Liu, Baodan ;
Zhai, Tianyou ;
Sekiguchi, Takashi ;
Koide, Yasuo ;
Golberg, Dmitri .
ADVANCED MATERIALS, 2009, 21 (20) :2034-2039
[8]   ELECTROCHEMICAL PHOTOLYSIS OF WATER AT A SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODE [J].
FUJISHIMA, A ;
HONDA, K .
NATURE, 1972, 238 (5358) :37-+
[9]   Synthesis and photochemical properties of semiconductor pillared layered compounds [J].
Fujishiro, Y ;
Uchida, S ;
Sato, T .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, 1999, 1 (01) :67-72
[10]   US nanobelts as photoconductors [J].
Gao, T ;
Li, QH ;
Wang, TH .
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2005, 86 (17) :1-3