Impact of California's air pollution laws on black carbon and their implications for direct radiative forcing

被引：52

作者：

Bahadur, Ranjit ^{[1
]}

Feng, Yan ^{[1
,2
]}

Russell, Lynn M. ^{[1
]}

Ramanathan, V. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[2] Argonne Natl Labs, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

来源：

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT | 2011年 / 45卷 / 05期

关键词：

Black carbon; Radiative forcing; Diesel emission control; ELEMENTAL CARBON; AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERE; EMISSION; IMPROVE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.054

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

We examine the temporal and the spatial trends in the concentrations of black carbon (BC) - recorded by the IMPROVE monitoring network for the past 20 years - in California. Annual average BC concentrations in California have decreased by about 50% from 0.46 mu g m(-3) in 1989 to 0.24 mu gm(-3) in 2008 compared to the corresponding reductions in diesel BC emissions (also about 50%) from a peak of 0.013 Tg Yr(-1) in 1990 to 0.006 Tg Yr(-1) by 2008. We attribute the observed negative trends to the reduction in vehicular emissions due to stringent statewide regulations. Our conclusion that the reduction in diesel emissions is a primary cause of the observed BC reduction is also substantiated by a significant decrease in the ratio of BC to non-BC aerosols. The absorption efficiency of aerosols at visible wavelengths - determined from the observed scattering coefficient and the observed BC - also decreased by about 50% leading to a model-inferred negative direct radiative forcing (a cooling effect) of -1.4 W m(-2) (+/- 60%) over California. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：1162 / 1167

页数：6

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