Differential decay of human faecal Bacteroides in marine and freshwater

被引:99
作者
Green, Hyatt C. [1 ]
Shanks, Orin C. [2 ]
Sivaganesan, Mano [2 ]
Haugland, Richard A. [3 ]
Field, Katharine G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[2] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA
[3] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA
关键词
16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GENETIC-MARKERS; SUNLIGHT INACTIVATION; PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; GROWTH-RATE; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; BAYESIAN METHOD; BACTERIA;
D O I
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02549.x
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Genetic markers from Bacteroides and other faecal bacteria are being tested for inclusion in regulations to quantify aquatic faecal contamination and estimate public health risk. For the method to be used quantitatively across environments, persistence and decay of markers must be understood. We measured concentrations of contaminant molecular markers targeting Enterococcus and Bacteroides spp. in marine and freshwater microcosms spiked with human sewage and exposed to either sunlight or dark treatments. We used Bayesian statistics with a delayed Chick-Watson model to estimate kinetic parameters for target decay. DNA-and RNA-based targets decayed at approximately the same rate. Molecular markers persisted (could be detected) longer in marine water. Sunlight increased the decay rates of cultured indicators more than those of molecular markers; sunlight also limited persistence of molecular markers. Within each treatment, Bacteroides markers had similar decay profiles, but some Bacteroides markers significantly differed in decay rates. The role of extracellular DNA in persistence appeared unimportant in the microcosms. Because conditions were controlled, microcosms allowed the effects of specific environmental variables on marker persistence and decay to be measured. While marker decay profiles in more complex environments would be expected to vary from those observed here, the differences we measured suggest that water matrix is an important factor affecting quantitative source tracking and microbial risk assessment applications.
引用
收藏
页码:3235 / 3249
页数:15
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