Shadow enhancers: Frequently asked questions about distributed cis-regulatory information and enhancer redundancy

被引：114

作者：

Barolo, Scott ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

来源：

BIOESSAYS | 2012年 / 34卷 / 02期

关键词：

cis-regulatory elements; enhancers; evolution; genomics; transcriptional regulation; DROSOPHILA-EMBRYO; GENE-EXPRESSION; MORPHOGEN GRADIENT; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ENHANCERS; MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; TARGETED MUTAGENESIS; TRANSGENIC ANALYSIS; SEPARATE ENHANCERS; CONTROL ELEMENTS; SHH EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.1002/bies.201100121

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

This paper, in the form of a frequently asked questions page (FAQ), addresses outstanding questions about shadow enhancers, quasi-redundant cis-regulatory elements, and their proposed roles in transcriptional control. Questions include: What exactly are shadow enhancers? How many genes have shadow/redundant/distributed enhancers? How redundant are these elements? What is the function of distributed enhancers? How modular are enhancers? Is it useful to study a single enhancer in isolation? In addition, a revised definition of shadow enhancers is proposed, and possible mechanisms of shadow enhancer function and evolution are discussed.

引用

页码：135 / 141

页数：7

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