Multiple Effects of Changes in Arctic Snow Cover

被引：87

作者：

Callaghan, Terry V. ^{[1
]}

Johansson, Margareta ^{[2
]}

Brown, Ross D. ^{[3
]}

Groisman, Pavel Ya ^{[4
]}

Labba, Niklas ^{[5
]}

Radionov, Vladimir ^{[6
]}

Bradley, Raymond S. ^{[7
]}

Blangy, Sylvie ^{[8
]}

Bulygina, Olga N. ^{[9
]}

Christensen, Torben R. ^{[2
]}

Colman, Jonathan E. ^{[10
,11
]}

Essery, Richard L. H. ^{[12
]}

Forbes, Bruce C.

Forchhammer, Mads C. ^{[13
,14
]}

Golubev, Vladimir N. ^{[15
]}

Honrath, Richard E. ^{[16
,17
]}

Juday, Glenn P. ^{[18
]}

Meshcherskaya, Anna V.

Phoenix, Gareth K. ^{[19
]}

Pomeroy, John ^{[20
]}

Rautio, Arja ^{[21
]}

Robinson, David A. ^{[22
]}

Schmidt, Niels M. ^{[23
]}

Serreze, Mark C. ^{[24
]}

Shevchenko, Vladimir P. ^{[25
]}

Shiklomanov, Alexander I. ^{[26
]}

Shmakin, Andrey B. ^{[27
]}

Skold, Peter ^{[28
]}

Sturm, Matthew ^{[29
]}

Woo, Ming-ko ^{[30
]}

Wood, Eric F. ^{[31
]}

机构：

[1] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden

[2] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Div Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden

[3] Ouranos, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B9, Canada

[4] NOAA, Global Climate Applicat Div, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA

[5] Gaisi Sami Ctr, N-9042 Lakselvbukt, Laksvatn, Norway

[6] AARI, St Petersburg 199397, Russia

[7] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Morrill Sci Ctr 233, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

[8] Univ Quebec, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada

[9] All Russian Res Inst Hydrometeorol Informat, World Data Ctr RIHMI WDC, Obninsk 249035, Kaluga Region, Russia

[10] UiO, Dept Biol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

[11] UMB, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, N-1432 As, Norway

[12] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland

[13] Greenland Climate Res Ctr, Nuuk, Greenland

[14] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

[15] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Lab Snow Avalanches & Mudflows, Fac Geog, Moscow 119991, Russia

[16] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA

[17] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA

[18] Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

[19] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England

[20] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Hydrol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada

[21] Univ Oulu, Ctr Arctic Med, Thule Inst, Oulu 90014, Finland

[22] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA

[23] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

[24] Univ Colorado, CIRES NSIDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[25] PP Shirshov Inst Oceanol RAS, Moscow 117997, Russia

[26] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[27] Inst Geog, Moscow 119017, Russia

[28] Umea Univ, Ctr Sami Res, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden

[29] USA CRREL Alaska, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA

[30] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, W Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada

[31] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

来源：

AMBIO | 2011年 / 40卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

Snow; Arctic; Climate; Albedo; Hydrology; Ecology; Biogeochemical cycling; Geochemical processes; Forestry; Infrastructure; Tourism; Indigenous cultures; Human health; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEASON LENGTH; HEAT-BALANCE; WINTER; REINDEER; ECOSYSTEMS; RADIATION; ICE; REPRODUCTION; RESPIRATION;

D O I：

10.1007/s13280-011-0213-x

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Snow cover plays a major role in the climate, hydrological and ecological systems of the Arctic and other regions through its influence on the surface energy balance (e.g. reflectivity), water balance (e.g. water storage and release), thermal regimes (e.g. insulation), vegetation and trace gas fluxes. Feedbacks to the climate system have global consequences. The livelihoods and well-being of Arctic residents and many services for the wider population depend on snow conditions so changes have important consequences. Already, changing snow conditions, particularly reduced summer soil moisture, winter thaw events and rain-on-snow conditions have negatively affected commercial forestry, reindeer herding, some wild animal populations and vegetation. Reductions in snow cover are also adversely impacting indigenous peoples' access to traditional foods with negative impacts on human health and well-being. However, there are likely to be some benefits from a changing Arctic snow regime such as more even run-off from melting snow that favours hydropower operations.

引用

页码：32 / 45

页数：14

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