Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders

With improving early outcomes after solid organ transplantation, attention has begun to focus on complications of long-term immunosuppression. Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders are one such complication of potent iatrogenic immunosuppression. Early recognition is important for successful outcome, and many disorders resolve with decreased immunosuppression. Other causes are more refractory and may require second-line therapies, including monoclonal antibodies directed against B-cell antigens and chemotherapy. This article reviews current state of knowledge of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders, with emphasis on clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy.