Dose-dependent response of vestibular hair cells of guinea pigs following streptomycin ototoxiation

Although the involvement of apoptosis has been suggested in the loss of vestibular hair cells due to aminoglycosides, dose-dependent effects of aminoglycosides have not been determined. We therefore examined dose-dependent effects of streptomycin on the degeneration of hair cells of guinea pig ampullar cristae using TUNEL stain and Hoechst nuclear stain. Streptomycin induced apoptosis of hair cells in a dose-dependent manner. Even following high-dose applications, most of the affected cells showed apoptotic features. Apoptosis may therefore play a predominant role in the deletion of vestibular hair cells affected by aminoglycosides.