Approximating phosphorus release from soils to surface runoff and subsurface drainage

被引:405
作者
McDowell, RW [1 ]
Sharpley, AN [1 ]
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Pasture & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2134/jeq2001.302508x
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Phosphorus application in excess of crop needs has increased the concentration of P in surface soil and runoff and led many states to develop P-based nutrient management strategies. However, insufficient data are available relating P in surface soil, surface runoff, and subsurface drainage to develop sound guidelines. Thus, we investigated P release from the surface (0-5 cm depth) of a Denbigh silt loam from Devon, U.K. (30-160 mg kg(-1) Olsen P) and Alvin, Perks, Calvin, and Watson soils from Pennsylvania (10-763 mg kg(-1) Mehlich-3 P) in relation to the concentration of P in surface runoff and subsurface drainage. A change point, where the slopes of two linear relationships between water- or CaCl2-extractable soil P and soil test phosphorus (STP) (Olsen or Mehlich-3) meet, was evident for the Denbigh at 33 to 36 mg kg(-1) Olsen P, and the Alvin and Berks soils at 185 to 190 mg Mehlich-3 P kg-l. Similar change points were also observed when STP was related to the P concentration of surface runoff (185 mg kg(-1)) and subsurface drainage (193 mg kg(-1)). The use of water and CaCl2 extraction of surface soil is suggested to estimate surface runoff P (r(2) of 0.92 for UK and 0.86 for PA soils) and subsurface drainage P (r(2) of 0.82 for UK and 0.88 for PA soils), and to determine a change point in STP, which may be used in support of agricultural and environmental P management.
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页码:508 / 520
页数:13
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