Metal nanocrystals grown by vacuum deposition on aligned carbon nanotubes

when the vacuum evaporation method was used to deposit metals, such as Au, Ag, or Cu, on a substrate covered with aligned carbon nanotubes which were fabricated by the microwave-plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, we found that nanoscale single crystals of the metals with well-defined facets were grown on the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes. Nanocrystals ranging from approximately 50 to 500 nm in diameter were obtained when the deposition time ranged from 1 to 60 min. Whiskerlike crystals with high aspect ratios could also be found frequently in these nanocrystals, which can be applied in field-emission display devices.