The Burden of Primary Liver Cancer and Underlying Etiologies From 1990 to 2015 at the Global, Regional, and National Level Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

被引：2020

作者：

Akinyemiju, Tomi ^{[1
]}

Abera, Semaw ^{[2
,3
]}

Ahmed, Muktar ^{[4
]}

Alam, Noore ^{[5
,6
]}

Alemayohu, Mulubirhan Assefa ^{[7
]}

Allen, Christine ^{[8
]}

Al-Raddadi, Rajaa ^{[9
]}

Alvis-Guzman, Nelson ^{[10
]}

Amoako, Yaw ^{[11
]}

Artaman, Al ^{[12
]}

Ayele, Tadesse Awoke ^{[13
]}

Barac, Aleksandra ^{[14
]}

Bensenor, Isabela ^{[15
]}

Berhane, Adugnaw ^{[16
]}

Bhutta, Zulfiqar ^{[17
,18
]}

Castillo-Rivas, Jacqueline ^{[19
]}

Chitheer, Abdulaal ^{[20
]}

Choi, Jee-Young ^{[21
]}

Cowie, Benjamin ^{[22
]}

Dandona, Lalit ^{[8
,23
]}

Dandona, Rakhi ^{[8
,23
]}

Dey, Subhojit ^{[24
]}

Dicker, Daniel ^{[8
]}

Phuc, Huyen ^{[25
]}

Ekwueme, Donatus U. ^{[26
]}

Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed ^{[27
]}

Fischer, Florian ^{[28
]}

Furst, Thomas ^{[29
,30
,31
]}

Hancock, Jamie ^{[8
]}

Hay, Simon I. ^{[8
]}

Hotez, Peter ^{[32
,33
,34
]}

Jee, Sun Ha ^{[35
]}

Kasaeian, Amir ^{[36
]}

Khader, Yousef ^{[37
]}

Khang, Young-Ho ^{[38
]}

Kumar, G. Anil ^{[39
]}

Kutz, Michael ^{[8
]}

Larson, Heidi ^{[40
]}

Lopez, Alan ^{[8
,41
]}

Lunevicius, Raimundas ^{[42
]}

Malekzadeh, Reza ^{[43
]}

McAlinden, Colm ^{[44
]}

Meier, Toni ^{[45
]}

Mendoza, Walter ^{[46
]}

Mokdad, Ali ^{[8
]}

Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar ^{[47
,48
]}

Nagel, Gabriele ^{[8
,49
]}

Nguyen, Quyen ^{[50
]}

Nguyen, Grant

Ogbo, Felix ^{[51
,52
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA

[2] Mekelle Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Coll Hlth Sci, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

[3] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Biol Chem & Nutr, Stuttgart, Germany

[4] Jimma Univ, Inst Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Jimma, Oromiya, Ethiopia

[5] Queensland Govt, Dept Hlth, Herston, Qld, Australia

[6] Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Herston, Qld, Australia

[7] Mekelle Univ Epidemiol, Mekelle, Ethiopia

[8] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[9] Minist Hlth, Res Dept, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

[10] Univ Cartagena, Grp Invest Econ Salud, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia

[11] Komfo Anokye Teaching Hosp, Dept Med, Bantama, Ghana

[12] Univ Manitoba, Community Hlth Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

[13] Univ Gondar, Epidemiol & Biostat, Gondar, Ethiopia

[14] Clin Ctr Serbia, Clin Infect & Trop Dis, Belgrade, Serbia

[15] Univ Sao Paulo, Hosp Univ, Div Internal Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[16] Debre Berhan Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Debre Berhan, Amhara, Ethiopia

[17] Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child, Karachi, Pakistan

[18] Hosp Sick Children, Ctr Global Child Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada

[19] Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, Direcc Actuarial Econom, San Jose, Costa Rica

[20] Iraq MOH FETP, MOH, Baghdad, Iraq

[21] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med Med Lib, Seoul, South Korea

[22] WHO Collaborating Ctr Viral Hepatitis, Doherty Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[23] Publ Hlth Fdn India Res, Gurgaon, India

[24] Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Hlth, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

[25] Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Da Nang, Vietnam

[26] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA

[27] Mansoura Fac Med, Clin Pathol Dept, Mansoura, Egypt

[28] Bielefeld Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Bielefeld, Germany

[29] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland

[30] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland

[31] Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England

[32] Baylor Coll Med, Natl Sch Trop Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA

[33] Ctr Vaccine Dev, Sabin Vaccine Inst, Houston, TX USA

[34] Ctr Vaccine Dev, Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX USA

[35] Yonsei Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Hlth Promot, Seoul, South Korea

[36] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Hematoloncol & Stem Cell Transplantat Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

[37] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Publ Hlth, Irbid, Jordan

[38] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, Inst Hlth Policy & Management, Seoul, South Korea

[39] Publ Hlth Fdn India Res, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

[40] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England

[41] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[42] Aintree Univ, Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Gen Surg Dept, Liverpool, Merseyside, England

[43] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Digest Dis Res Inst, Tehran, Iran

[44] Univ Hosp Bristol, Dept Med, Bristol, Avon, England

[45] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Agr & Nutrit Sci, Halle, Germany

[46] UNFPA Peru Country Off, Lima, Peru

[47] Iran Univ Med Sci, Gastrointestinal & Liver Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

[48] Iran Univ Med Sci, Prevent Med & Publ Hlth Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

[49] Univ Ulm, Inst Epidemiol & Med Biometry, Ulm, Germany

[50] Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Da Nang, Vietnam

来源：

JAMA ONCOLOGY | 2017年 / 3卷 / 12期

关键词：

HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; HEPATITIS-B; INTERNATIONAL TRENDS; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY;

D O I：

10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3055

中图分类号：

R73 [肿瘤学];

学科分类号：

100214 [肿瘤学];

摘要：

IMPORTANCE Liver cancer is among the leading causes of cancer deaths globally. The most common causes for liver cancer include hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol use. OBJECTIVE To report results of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 study on primary liver cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 countries or territories from 1990 to 2015, and present global, regional, and national estimates on the burden of liver cancer attributable to HBV, HCV, alcohol, and an " other" group that encompasses residual causes. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS Mortalitywas estimated using vital registration and cancer registry data in an ensemble modeling approach. Single-cause mortality estimates were adjusted for all-cause mortality. Incidence was derived from mortality estimates and the mortality-to-incidence ratio. Through a systematic literature review, data on the proportions of liver cancer due to HBV, HCV, alcohol, and other causes were identified. Years of life lost were calculated by multiplying each death by a standard life expectancy. Prevalence was estimated using mortality-to-incidence ratio as surrogate for survival. Total prevalence was divided into 4 sequelae that were multiplied by disability weights to derive years lived with disability (YLDs). DALYs were the sum of years of life lost and YLDs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Liver cancer mortality, incidence, YLDs, years of life lost, DALYs by etiology, age, sex, country, and year. RESULTS There were 854 000 incident cases of liver cancer and 810 000 deaths globally in 2015, contributing to 20 578 000 DALYs. Cases of incident liver cancer increased by 75% between 1990 and 2015, of which 47% can be explained by changing population age structures, 35% by population growth, and -8% to changing age-specific incidence rates. The male-to-female ratio for age-standardized liver cancer mortality was 2.8. Globally, HBV accounted for 265 000 liver cancer deaths (33%), alcohol for 245 000 (30%), HCV for 167 000 (21%), and other causes for 133 000 (16%) deaths, with substantial variation between countries in the underlying etiologies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Liver cancer is among the leading causes of cancer deaths in many countries. Causes of liver cancer differ widely among populations. Our results show that most cases of liver cancer can be prevented through vaccination, antiviral treatment, safe blood transfusion and injection practices, as well as interventions to reduce excessive alcohol use. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the identification and elimination of risk factors for liver cancer will be required to achieve a sustained reduction in liver cancer burden. The GBD study can be used to guide these prevention efforts.

引用

页码：1683 / 1691

页数：9

共 46 条

[11]

The Hepatitis Viral Status in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Study of 3843 Patients From Taiwan Liver Cancer Network [J].