Beringian Standstill and Spread of Native American Founders

被引：394

作者：

Tamm, Erika ^{[13
]}

Kivisild, Toomas ^{[2
,13
]}

Reidla, Maere ^{[13
]}

Metspalu, Mait ^{[13
]}

Smith, David Glenn ^{[3
]}

Mulligan, Connie J. ^{[4
]}

Bravi, Claudio M. ^{[5
]}

Rickards, Olga ^{[6
]}

Martinez-Labarga, Cristina ^{[6
]}

Khusnutdinova, Elsa K. ^{[7
]}

Fedorova, Sardana A. ^{[8
,13
]}

Golubenko, Maria V. ^{[9
,13
]}

Stepanov, Vadim A. ^{[9
]}

Gubina, Marina A. ^{[10
]}

Zhadanov, Sergey I. ^{[10
,11
,13
]}

Ossipova, Ludmila P. ^{[10
]}

Damba, Larisa ^{[10
,13
]}

Voevoda, Mikhail I. ^{[10
]}

Dipierri, Jose E. ^{[12
]}

Villems, Richard ^{[13
]}

Malhi, Ripan S. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Dept Anthropol, Champaign, IL USA

[2] Univ Cambridge, Leverhulme Ctr Human Evolutionary Studies, Cambridge, England

[3] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[4] Univ Florida, Dept Anthropol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[5] Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Celular, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

[6] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Biol, I-00173 Rome, Italy

[7] Russian Acad Sci, Ufa Res Ctr, Inst Biochem & Genet, Ufa 450001, Russia

[8] Russian Acad Med Sci, Yakut Res Ctr, Dept Mol Genet, Yakutia, Russia

[9] Russian Acad Med Sci, Tomsk Res Ctr, Inst Med Genet, Tomsk, Russia

[10] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cytol & Genet, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia

[11] Univ Penn, Dept Anthropol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[12] Univ Nacl Jujuy, Inst Biol Altura, San Salvador De Jujuy, Argentina

[13] Univ Tartu, Dept Evolutionary Biol, Estonian Bioctr, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia

来源：

PLOS ONE | 2007年 / 2卷 / 09期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

D O I：

10.1371/journal.pone.0000829

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Native Americans derive from a small number of Asian founders who likely arrived to the Americas via Beringia. However, additional details about the intial colonization of the Americas remain unclear. To investigate the pioneering phase in the Americas we analyzed a total of 623 complete mtDNAs from the Americas and Asia, including 20 new complete mtDNAs from the Americas and seven from Asia. This sequence data was used to direct high-resolution genotyping from 20 American and 26 Asian populations. Here we describe more genetic diversity within the founder population than was previously reported. The newly resolved phylogenetic structure suggests that ancestors of Native Americans paused when they reached Beringia, during which time New World founder lineages differentiated from their Asian sister-clades. This pause in movement was followed by a swift migration southward that distributed the founder types all the way to South America. The data also suggest more recent bi-directional gene flow between Siberia and the North American Arctic.

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