Reduction of respiratory motion artifacts in transverse relaxation rate (R2) images of the liver

An empirical motion artifact suppression technique has been developed to reduce the respiratory motion artifacts in axial single spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images of the liver post-acquisition. The correction scheme is based on the observation that the dominant motion artifacts within abdominal MR images are ghosts that follow the profile and signal intensity of high signal intensity boundaries, such as those for the subcutaneous fat along the anterior abdominal wall. The technique is applied to the reduction of respiratory motion artifacts in a spin echo image series of the liver of an iron-loaded patient and of a manganese chloride phantom subject to respiratory motion. Subsequent improvements to transverse relaxation rate (R-2) image analysis are then demonstrated on the motion-corrected spin echo images, illustrating the utility of the technique for application in the R-2 image-based measurement and mapping of liver iron concentration. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.