Toxic by-products from the combustion of Kraft lignin

被引:38
作者
Font, R [1 ]
Esperanza, M [1 ]
García, AN [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alicante, Dept Ingn Quim, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00294-7
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Lignin samples, sub-product in the Kraft process of cellulose from eucalyptus wood, were burnt in a laboratory scale furnace at different residence temperatures and with distinct fuel-rich atmospheres. The yields Of CO, CO2, eight light hydrocarbons (methane, ethylene, ethane, propylene, acetylene, butane, etc.) and 60 semi-volatile + volatile compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, indene, naphthalene, dibenzofuran, phenanthrene, chrysene, etc.) were determined, with nominal reactor temperatures between 800 and 1100 degreesC and residence times of the volatiles evolved and formed between 4 and 7 s. The collection of the gases and volatiles evolved was carried out with a Tedlar bag and by XAD-4 resin respectively, comparing the data obtained in both cases. The emission factor (mg/kg) of the CO was between 2500 and 90 000, and under the poor-oxygen atmosphere, the emission factors of many by-toxic products were greater than 100 mg/kg. A pyrolysis run was also performed, obtaining emission factors between 30 and 3000 mg/kg, facilitating its identification. The behaviour of different compounds in the combustion runs was discussed considering three groups in accordance with their stability vs. oxygen, and two groups vs. temperature. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1047 / 1058
页数:12
相关论文
共 28 条
[21]   KOVATS AND LEE RETENTION INDEXES DETERMINED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INTEREST [J].
ROSTAD, CE ;
PEREIRA, WE .
JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY & CHROMATOGRAPHY COMMUNICATIONS, 1986, 9 (06) :328-334
[22]  
SHARMA RK, 2001, PREPR S AM CNEM SOC, V46, P252
[23]   Formation mechanism for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in methane flames [J].
Siegmann, K ;
Sattler, K .
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, 2000, 112 (02) :698-709
[24]   KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS FOR TRANSPORT NETWORK ANALYSIS - A 5TH GENERATION PERSPECTIVE ON TRANSPORT NETWORK PROBLEMS [J].
TAYLOR, MAP .
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE, 1990, 24 (01) :3-14
[25]   Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the pyrolysis of catechol (ortho-dihydroxybenzene), a model fuel representative of entities in tobacco, coal, and lignin [J].
Wornat, MJ ;
Ledesma, EB ;
Marsh, ND .
FUEL, 2001, 80 (12) :1711-1726
[26]  
YUAN CS, 1996, P ANN M AIR WAST MAN
[27]   Protein-tyrosine phosphatases: Biological function, structural characteristics, and mechanism of catalysis [J].
Zhang, ZY .
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 1998, 33 (01) :1-52
[28]  
ZIELINSKA B, 1999, P AIR WAST MAN ASS 9, P886