Anti-CD16/CD30 bispecific antibodies as possible treatment for refractory Hodgkin's disease

Fifteen patients with refractory Hodgkin's disease were treated in a phase I/II dose escalation trial with the NK-cell activating bispecific monoclonal antibody HRS-3/A9 which is directed against the Fc gamma-receptor III (CD16 antigen) and the Hodgkin's associated CD30 antigen, respectively. HRS-3/A9 was given four times every 3-4 days starting with 1 mg/m(2). The treatment was well tolerated and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached at 64 mg/m(2), the highest dose given due to limited amounts of HRS-3/A9 available. Mild to moderate side effects occured in six patients and consisted of fever, pain in involved lymph nodes, and a maculopapulous rash. Median counts of NK-cells and of all lymphocyte subsets were considerably decreased in the patients before therapy and showed no consistent changes under therapy. Eight patients developed human anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibodies, and five patients showed an allergic reaction after attempted retreatment. One complete and one partial remission (lasting 6 and 3 months, respectively), three minor responses (lasting I to 15 months), two disease stabilizations (for 2 and 17 months, respectively), and one mixed response were achieved. There was no clearcut dose-side effect or dose-response correlation. Our results encourage further clinical trials with this novel immunotherapeutic approach and emphasize the necessity to reduce the immunogenicity of the murine bispecific antibodies.