The structure, function, and biosynthesis of plant cell wall pectic polysaccharides

被引:1169
作者
Caffall, Kerry Hosmer [1 ,2 ]
Mohnen, Debra [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[2] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[3] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Athens, GA 30602 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Cell wall polysaccharides; Galacturonan; Glycosyltransferases; Homogalacturonan; Pectin function; Rhamnogalacturonan; HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; IN-VITRO BIOSYNTHESIS; CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE; DE-NOVO SYNTHESIS; MEMBRANE-BOUND GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE; SOYBEAN SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDES; O-ACETYLATED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CULTURED SYCAMORE CELLS; UDP-GALACTURONIC ACID; BORATE CROSS-LINKING;
D O I
10.1016/j.carres.2009.05.021
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Plant cell walls consist of carbohydrate, protein, and aromatic compounds and are essential to the proper growth and development of plants. The carbohydrate components make up similar to 90% of the primary wall, and are critical to wall function. There is a diversity of polysaccharides that make up the wall and that are classified as one of three types: cellulose, hemicellulose, or pectin. The pectins, which are most abundant in the plant primary cell walls and the middle lamellae, are a class of molecules defined by the presence of galacturonic acid. The pectic polysaccharides include the galacturonans (homogalacturonan, substituted galacturonans, and RG-II) and rhamnogalacturonan-I. Galacturonans have a backbone that consists of alpha-1,4-linked galacturonic acid. The identification of glycosyltransferases involved in pectin synthesis is essential to the study of cell wall function in plant growth and development and for maximizing the value and use of plant polysaccharides in industry and human health. A detailed synopsis of the existing literature on pectin structure, function, and biosynthesis is presented. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1879 / 1900
页数:22
相关论文
共 290 条
[1]   In vitro biosynthesis of 1,4-β-galactan attached to a pectin-xyloglucan complex in pea [J].
Abdel-Massih, RM ;
Baydoun, EAH ;
Brett, CT .
PLANTA, 2003, 216 (03) :502-511
[2]   Nascent pectin formed in Golgi apparatus of pea epicotyls by addition of uronic acids has different properties from nascent pectin at the stage of galactan elongation [J].
Abdel-Massih, Roula M. ;
Rizkallah, Hind D. ;
Al-Din, Rabih Saif ;
Baydoun, Elias A. -H. ;
Brett, Christopher T. .
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 2007, 164 (01) :1-10
[3]   Successive glycosyltransfer activity and enzymatic characterization of pectic polygalacturonate 4-α-galacturonosyltransferase solubilized from pollen tubes of Petunia axillaris using pyridylaminated oligogalacturonates as substrates [J].
Akita, K ;
Ishimizu, T ;
Tsukamoto, T ;
Ando, T ;
Hase, S .
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 2002, 130 (01) :374-379
[4]   OLIGOSACCHARINS [J].
ALDINGTON, S ;
FRY, SC .
ADVANCES IN BOTANICAL RESEARCH, VOL 19, 1993, 19 :1-101
[5]  
AN JA, 1994, CARBOHYD RES, V252, P235
[6]   The reb1-1 mutation of Arabidopsis alters the morphology of trichoblasts, the expression of arabinogalactan-proteins and the organization of cortical microtubules [J].
Andème-Onzighi, C ;
Sivaguru, M ;
Judy-March, J ;
Baskin, TI ;
Driouich, A .
PLANTA, 2002, 215 (06) :949-958
[7]  
Aspinall F.O., 1967, CEREAL SCI TODAY, V12, P223
[8]  
Aspinall G. O., 1980, The biochemistry of plants. A comprehensive treatise. Volume 3. Carbohydrates: structure and function., P473
[9]   Overexpression of polygalacturonase in transgenic apple trees leads to a range of novel phenotypes involving changes in cell adhesion [J].
Atkinson, RG ;
Schröder, R ;
Hallett, IC ;
Cohen, D ;
MacRae, EA .
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 2002, 129 (01) :122-133
[10]   ROOT MORPHOLOGY MUTANTS IN ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA [J].
BASKIN, TI ;
BETZNER, AS ;
HOGGART, R ;
CORK, A ;
WILLIAMSON, RE .
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 1992, 19 (04) :427-437