New high luminosity ''double toroidal'' electron spectrometer

In this article we describe the design and the operation of an original, high transmission, electrostatic ''double toroidal'' electron energy analyzer. The double toroidal analyzer allows the high resolution and high luminosity simultaneous measurement of the kinetic energy, and angular distribution of electrons, using a two-dimensional position sensitive detector. The exact shape or the electrodes is deduced from both analytical and numerical electron trajectory calculations. The electron detector is based on a charge analysis and optimized to attain a 100 kHz counting rate. The actual performances of the analyzer are illustrated with spectra obtained after resonant Auger decay of N2O excited around the nitrogen K shell (hv = 401 eV), and of Kr after 3d(5/2)-->5p excitation at hv = 91.2 eV. A ''etendue'' of 15% of the pass energy, as well as a resolving power(E-p/delta E) of 100 were measured. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.