MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer: translation of molecular biology into clinical application

被引：315

作者：

Slaby, Ondrej ^{[1
,2
]}

Svoboda, Marek ^{[1
]}

Michalek, Jaroslav ^{[2
]}

Vyzula, Rostislav ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Masaryk Mem Canc Inst, Dept Comprehens Canc Care, Brno, Czech Republic

[2] Masaryk Univ, Fac Med, Univ Cell Immunotherapy Ctr, Brno, Czech Republic

来源：

MOLECULAR CANCER | 2009年 / 8卷

关键词：

REAL-TIME PCR; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; MATURE MICRORNAS; COLON; GROWTH; MIR-34A; RNA; P53; METHYLATION;

D O I：

10.1186/1476-4598-8-102

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

070307 [化学生物学]; 071010 [生物化学与分子生物学];

摘要：

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs 18-25 nucleotides in length that downregulate gene expression during various crucial cell processes such as apoptosis, differentiation and development. Changes in the expression profiles of miRNAs have been observed in a variety of human tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Functional studies indicate that miRNAs act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. These findings significantly extend Vogelstein's model of CRC pathogenesis and have shown great potential for miRNAs as a novel class of therapeutic targets. Several investigations have also described the ability of miRNA expression profiles to predict prognosis and response to selected treatments in CRC patients, and support diagnosis of CRC among cancer of unknown primary site. miRNAs' occurrence has been repeatedly observed also in serum and plasma, and miRNAs as novel minimally invasive biomarkers have indicated reasonable sensitivity for CRC detection and compare favorably with the fecal occult blood test. In this review, we summarize the knowledge regarding miRNAs' functioning in CRC while emphasizing their significance in pathogenetic signaling pathways and their potential to serve as disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.

引用

页数：13

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