Effects of Exercise Modes on Neural Processing of Working Memory in Late Middle-Aged Adults: An fMRI Study

被引:24
作者
Chen, Feng-Tzu [1 ]
Chen, Ya-Ping [2 ]
Schneider, Stefan [3 ]
Kao, Shih-Chun [4 ]
Huang, Chih-Mao [5 ,6 ]
Chang, Yu-Kai [1 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Taipei, Taiwan
[2] Univ Salzburg, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Salzburg, Austria
[3] German Sport Univ Cologne, Inst Movement & Neurosci, Cologne, Germany
[4] Purdue Univ, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
[5] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Biol Sci & Technol, Hsinchu, Taiwan
[6] Acad Sinica, Inst Linguist, Cognit Neurosci Lab, Taipei, Taiwan
[7] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Inst Res Excellence Learning Sci, Taipei, Taiwan
来源
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE | 2019年 / 11卷
关键词
open-skill exercise; closed-skill exercise; executive control; aging; cognition; OLDER-ADULTS; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AEROBIC FITNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; FLUID INTELLIGENCE; IMPAIRMENT; ASSOCIATION;
D O I
10.3389/fnagi.2019.00224
中图分类号
R592 [老年病学]; C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 100203 ;
摘要
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of regular exercise on cognitive function in aging populations, with aerobic exercise and cardiovascular fitness having received the largest amount of research attention. However, the relationship between exercise mode and cognitive function underlying behavioral modification and neural activation remains unknown. The present study, therefore, sought to examine the associations between different exercise modes and the working memory (WM) aspect of executive function as well as its task-evoked brain activation in the late middle-aged population. Seventy late middle-aged adults were classified into open-skill, closed-skill, or irregular exercise groups based on their participation in exercise activities prior to the study and then performed a spatial working memory (SWM) task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. The results revealed that exercise groups, regardless of exercise modes, showed better SWM and physical fitness performance. Additionally, the open-skill group exhibited greater brain activation in the prefrontal lobe, anterior cingulate cortex/supplementary motor area (ACC/SMA), and hippocampus than those in the closed-skill group, suggesting a mode-sensitive compensatory mechanism in late middle-aged adults. These findings indicate that exercise promotes cognitive health, improves WM, and enhances neurocognitive scaffolding in late middle-aged adults and further suggest that various exercise modes can effectively modulate frontal and hippocampal function in the face of age-related neurocognitive declines, implications that may inform the development of exercise programs for the elderly.
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页数:12
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