'Smart Drugs': do they work? Are they ethical? Will they be legal?

被引:56
作者
Rose, SPR [1 ]
机构
[1] Open Univ, Brain & Behav Res Grp, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nrn984
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Beyond pharmacological approaches to the treatment of memory loss that results from Alzheimer's disease or stroke, there lies a broad diagnostic penumbra of 'age-associated memory impairment'. New research that offers to attain the ancient goal of improving our cognitive ability raises an important issue - the use, by healthy people, of such pharmacological tools as cognitive enhancers. Here, I review the history and effectiveness of such supposed 'nootropics', and the ethical, social and legal issues raised by their potential use in disease and in the enhancement of 'normal' cognition.
引用
收藏
页码:975 / 979
页数:5
相关论文
共 42 条
[11]   Cholinergic enhancement and increased selectivity of perceptual processing during working memory [J].
Furey, ML ;
Pietrini, P ;
Haxby, JV .
SCIENCE, 2000, 290 (5500) :2315-+
[12]  
GIURGEA C, 1972, ACTUAL PHARM PARIS
[13]   GLUCOSE EFFECTS ON MEMORY - BEHAVIORAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS [J].
GOLD, PE ;
VOGT, J ;
HALL, JL .
BEHAVIORAL AND NEURAL BIOLOGY, 1986, 46 (02) :145-155
[14]   PIRACETAM AND OTHER STRUCTURALLY RELATED NOOTROPICS [J].
GOULIAEV, AH ;
SENNING, A .
BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS, 1994, 19 (02) :180-222
[15]   DISTURBANCES OF THE NEURONAL CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS IN THE AGING NERVOUS-SYSTEM [J].
HARTMANN, H ;
ECKERT, A ;
MULLER, WE .
LIFE SCIENCES, 1994, 55 (25-26) :2011-2018
[16]   Memory formation: The sequence of biochemical events in the hippocampus and its connection to activity in other brain structures [J].
Izquierdo, I ;
Medina, JH .
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY, 1997, 68 (03) :285-316
[17]   Memory consolidation in day-old chides requires BDNF but not NGF or NT-3; an antisense study [J].
Johnston, ANB ;
Rose, SPR .
MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH, 2001, 88 (1-2) :26-36
[18]   Spaced training induces normal long-term memory in CREB mutant mice [J].
Kogan, JH ;
Frankland, PW ;
Blendy, JA ;
Coblentz, J ;
Marowitz, Z ;
Schutz, G ;
Silva, AJ .
CURRENT BIOLOGY, 1997, 7 (01) :1-11
[19]  
Kramer Peter., 1997, LISTENING PROZAC
[20]  
LANGRETH R, 2002, FORBES MAGAZINE 0204