The selenium to selenoprotein pathway in eukaryotes: More molecular partners than anticipated

被引:123
作者
Allmang, Christine [1 ]
Wurth, Laurence [1 ]
Krol, Alain [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Strasbourg, Architecture & Reactivite ARN, CNRS, Inst Biol Mol & Cellulaire, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
来源
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS | 2009年 / 1790卷 / 11期
关键词
RNA-protein interaction; SBP2; SECIS; Selenocysteine; Selenocysteine synthase; Hsp90; Selenoprotein; SELENOCYSTEINE INSERTION-SEQUENCE; SECIS-BINDING PROTEIN-2; TRANSFER-RNA; ELONGATION-FACTOR; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SELENOPHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE; ESSENTIAL COMPONENT; AMINO-ACIDS; FACTOR SELB; IDENTIFICATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.03.003
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) is the major biological form of the trace element selenium. Sec is co-translationally incorporated in selenoproteins. There are 25 selenoprotein genes in humans, and Sec was found in the active site of those that have been attributed a function. This review will discuss how selenocysteine is synthesized and incorporated into selenoproteins in eukaryotes. Sec biosynthesis from serine on the tRNA(Sec) requires four enzymes. Incorporation of Sec in response to an in-frame UGA codon, otherwise signaling termination of translation, is achieved by a complex recoding machinery to inform the ribosomes not to stop at this position on the mRNA. A number of the molecular partners acting in this machinery have been identified but their detailed mechanism of action has not been deciphered yet. Here we provide an overview of the literature in the field. Particularly striking is the higher than originally envisaged number of factors necessary to synthesize Sec and selenoproteins. Clearly, selenoprotein synthesis is an exciting and very active field of research. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1415 / 1423
页数:9
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