HPLC study of oxidation products of hydroethidine in chemical and biological systems: ramifications in superoxide measurements

被引:124
作者
Zielonka, Jacek [1 ,2 ]
Hardy, Micael [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Kalyanaraman, B. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Biophys, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
[2] Med Coll Wisconsin, Free Rad Res Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
[3] CNRS, UMR 6517, Lab SREP, F-13397 Marseille, France
[4] Univ Aix Marseille 1, Ctr St Jerome, F-13397 Marseille, France
[5] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Ctr St Jerome, F-13397 Marseille, France
[6] Univ Aix Marseille 3, Ctr St Jerome, F-13397 Marseille, France
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Hydroethidine; Mito-hydroethidine; MitoSOX; HPLC; Superoxide; Fluorescence; Ethidium; Diethidium; 2-Hydroxyethidium; Free radicals; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; INTRACELLULAR SUPEROXIDE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; HYPERTENSION; GENERATION; DISMUTASE; ETHIDIUM; PROBES;
D O I
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.10.031
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Methods for the detection and quantitation of hydroethidine (HE) and its oxidation products by HPLC analysis are described. Synthetic methods for preparation of authentic standards (2-hydroxyethidium and diethidium) are provided. Potential applications of the HPLC methods to chemical and biological systems are discussed. Specific examples of chromatograms obtained using UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence, electrochemical, and mass spectrometry detectors are provided. The development of a dual electrochemical and fluorescence detection methodology and its applications are described. The HPLC-based method enables analyses of HE and its oxidation products such as ethidium and the dimeric products of HE. The ramifications of HPLC measurement of HE and its oxidation products in the detection and quantitation of 2-hydroxyethidium, the diagnostic market product of superoxide and HE, in the intracellular milieu are discussed. Similarly, mitochondria-targeted HE conjugated to a triphenylphosphonium group (Mito-HE or Mito-SOX) also forms oxidation products (dimers of Mito-HE and Mito-E+) that can affect the detection and quantitation of 2-hydroxy-mito-ethidium, the diagnostic market product of Mito-HE and superoxide in mitochondria. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:329 / 338
页数:10
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