Agonistic sensory effects of airborne chemicals in mixtures: Odor, nasal pungency, and eye irritation

被引:75
作者
ComettoMuniz, JE [1 ]
Cain, WS [1 ]
Hudnell, HK [1 ]
机构
[1] US EPA, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27711 USA
来源
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS | 1997年 / 59卷 / 05期
关键词
D O I
10.3758/BF03206014
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Threshold responses of odor, nasal pungency (irritation), and eye irritation were measured for single chemicals (1-propanol, l-hexanol, ethyl acetate, heptyl acetate, 2-pentanone, 2-heptanone, toluene, ethyl benzene, and propyl benzene) and mixtures of them (two three-component mixtures, two six-component mixtures, and one nine-component mixture). Nasal pungency was measured in subjects lacking a functional sense of smell (i.e., anosmics) to avoid interference from olfaction. Various degrees of stimulus agonism (additive effects) were observed for each of the three sensory channels when testing mixtures. As the number of components and the lipophilicity of such components in the mixtures increased, so did the degree of agonism. Synergistic stimulus agonism characterized the eye-irritation response for the most complex (the nine-component) and the most lipophilic (one of the six-component) mixtures. Physicochemical properties play a large role in the determination of sensitivity to airborne chemicals, particularly to their ability to evoke irritation. While this has revealed itself previously with respect to single chemicals, it seems to have relevance to mixtures as well.
引用
收藏
页码:665 / 674
页数:10
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