Expression of zebrafish hip: Response to Hedgehog signalling, comparison with ptc1 expression, and possible role in otic patterning

In zebrafish, Hedgehog (Hh) signalling is required to specify posterior otic identity. This presents a conundrum, as the nearest source of Hh to the developing inner ear is the ventral midline, in the notochord and floorplate. How can a source of Hh that is ostensibly constant with respect to the anteroposterior axis of the otic vesicle specify posterior otic identity? One possibility is that localised inhibition of Hh signalling is involved. Here we show that genes coding for three inhibitors of Hh signalling, su(fu), dzip 1 and hip, are expressed in and around the developing otic vesicle. su(fu) and dzip 1 are ubiquitously expressed and unaffected by Hh levels. The expression of hip, however, is positively regulated by Hh signalling and has a complex, dynamic pattern. It is detectable in the neural tube, otic vesicle, statoacoustic ganglion, brain, fin buds, mouth, somites, pronephros and branchial arches. These expression domains bear some similarity, but are not identical, to those of ptc1, a Hh receptor gene that is also positively regulated by Hh signalling. In the neural tube, for instance, hip is expressed in a subset of the ptc1 expression domain, while in other regions, including the otic vesicle, hip and ptc1 expression domains differ. Significantly, we find that initial expression of hip is higher in and adjacent to anterior otic regions, while ptc1 expression becomes progressively restricted to the posterior of the ear. Hip-mediated inhibition of Hh signalling may therefore be important in restricting the effects of Hh to posterior regions of the developing inner ear. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.